This article aims to elucidate governance primarily from the perspective of collaboration and leadership in managing disasters. This article studies the case of Indonesia, a country with frequent and complex nature of disasters, located on the Pacific Ring of Fire to analyze its disaster management system and draw out implications from its experience. The method used is a qualitative comprehensive and systematic review from national and international earthquake occurrences. The finding is that Indonesia is simultaneously carrying out disaster management which is not contradictory but complementary. The importance of collaboration is imposed and recommendations are offered on rectifying collaborative activities’ value. Modern leadership strategies suggest that acquire their power from effective strategies and transformational power rather than standard operating procedures. This paper provides lessons on how to organize earthquake management through aspects of collaboration and leadership effectively. The author suggests optimizing the potential of the community by providing special assistance to increase disaster management efforts.

A theory of many-body wave scattering is developed under the assumption a << d << λ, where a is the characteristic size of the small body, d is the distance between neighboring bodies and λ is the wave-length in the medium in which the bodies are embedded. The multiple scattering is essential under these assumptions. The author’s theory is used for creating materials with a desired refraction coefficient. This theory can be used in practice. A recipe for creating materials with a desired refraction coefficient is formulated. Materials with a desired radiation pattern, for example, wave-focusing materials, can be created.

Cartography includes two major tasks: map making and map application, which is inextricably linked to artificial intelligence technology. The cartographic expert system experienced the intelligent expression of symbolism. After the spatial optimization decision of behaviorism intelligent expression, cartography faces the combination of deep learning under connectionism to improve the intelligent level of cartography. This paper discusses three problems about the proposition of “deep learning + cartography”. One is the consistency between the deep learning method and the map space problem solving strategy, based on gradient descent, local correlation, feature reduction and non-linear nature that answer the feasibility of the combination of “deep learning + cartography”; the second is to analyze the challenges faced by the combination of cartography from its unique disciplinary characteristics and technical environment, involving the non-standard organization of map data, professional requirements for sample establishment, the integration of geometric and geographical features, as well as the inherent spatial scale of the map; thirdly, the entry points and specific methods for integrating map making and map application into deep learning are discussed respectively.

Spectrum map is the foundation of spectrum resource management, security governance and spectrum warfare. Aiming at the problem that the traditional spectrum mapping is limited to two-dimensional space, a three-dimensional spectrum data acquisition and mapping system architecture for the integration of space, sky and earth is presented, and a spectrum map reconstruction scheme driven by propagation model is proposed, which can achieve high-precision three-dimensional spectrum map rendering under the condition of sparse sampling. The spectrum map reconstructed by this method in the case of single radiation source and multiple radiation sources is in good agreement with the theoretical results based on ray tracing method. In addition, the measured results of typical scenes further verify the feasibility of this method.

Important modifications are occurring in temperate forests due to climate change; in polar latitudes their distribution area is increasing, while in tropical latitudes it is decreasing due to temperature increase and droughts. One of the biotic regulators of temperate forests are the debarking insects that cause the mortality of certain trees. These insects have increased in number, favored by climate change, and the consequences on forests have not been long in coming. In recent times in the northern hemisphere, the massive mortality of conifers due to the negative synergy between climate change and debarking insects has been evident. In Mexico, we have also experienced infestations by bark stripping insects never seen before; therefore, we are trying to understand the interactions between climate change, forest health and bark stripping insects, to detect the areas with greater susceptibility to attack by these insects and propose management measures to reduce the effects.