Lighting conditions in learning spaces can affect students’ emotions and influence their performance. This research seeks to verify the influence of classroom lighting on students’ academic performance under different conditions and measurement forms. The research method is based on the systematic review of research articles establishing case analyses characterizing lighting intensity and color temperature to determine ranges favorable to a higher level of attention and long-term memory. Also, this study shows relevant aspects of the cases representative of a sustainable solution and proposes a research model. The study found light intensity values between 350 and 1000 lux and color temperatures between 4000 and 5250 Kelvin that favor attention. Long-term memory reached the highest levels of measurement by analyzing different parameters sensitive to lighting conditions and questionnaires. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that an adequate light intensity and color temperature based on the greatest possible amount of natural light complemented with Light Emitting Diode (LED) light generates optimal lighting for the classroom, achieving energy efficiency in a sustainable solution and promoting student well-being and performance.

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been known to possess exceptional electric, biochemical, and optical characteristics and are ‘the topic of discussion’ these days, especially relating to the field of biomedicine. Several plants, bacteria, and fungi have been utilized for the generation of AuNPs, besides other physical and chemical methods. While some studies have been reported with gold nanoparticles, less are aimed at fungi and its optimization factors. These parameters can allow us to design AuNPs of our choice depending on the use. The present review focuses on and inspects AuNPs with green synthesis through fungus optimization parameters followed by applications, aiming specifically at their antibacterial activity. Their antibacterial characteristics can open new doors for the pharmaceutical industry in the future.

Currently, important efforts are being made to improve governability and governance by combining the monopoly of state decisions with the collaboration of diverse actors in public practice. Based on the above, the purpose of this article is to analyze the evolution of conceptual approaches to both terms over the last 23 years, examining scientific production by author authors, journals, and countries. The methodology was based on a bibliometric analysis: First, the WoS and Scopus databases were searched. Subsequently, scientometric techniques and the Science Tree methodology were used to identify patterns, structures, and trends, to understand the progress and behavior of scientific production, and to measure the quantity and quality of research that has addressed these issues from different perspectives. This study examined governability and governance publications and their annual citations to assess their impact and analyzed the total output of both datasets to identify similarities and differences in governability and governance research. The findings reveal that the number of publications and citations in this field is increasing, with the United States being the most academically influential country and the journal Marine Policy being the most prominent in ranking. These data provide key information for decision-makers, researchers, and academics for future debate and discussion toward operationalizing the concepts at the practical level of action, management, and the functioning of government structures.

In the process of global economy, in the face of increasing business competition, it is more difficult than ever for brands to approach consumers and persuade them to consume. In the commercial environment, the competition between enterprises is essentially the competition of brands, and the competition of brands must first carry out the competition of brand image. Brand image carries the mission of information dissemination and value creation and plays an important role in business behavior. How to improve customer purchase intention by optimizing brand image and greatly promote the development of business through brand image is the purpose of this study. The construction and application of brand image not only covers all the characteristics of the brand, but also the focus of consumers’ attention when choosing brands and products. This paper comprehensively uses the systematic theories and methods of art design, marketing and consumer psychology and behavior as support, and adopts research methods such as literature data to explore and study the field of brand image. This study finds that customer perception of brand image directly affects customer purchase intention. At present, there are relatively few researches on how brand image can empower business. Through the study of “optimizing brand image to improve customer purchase intention”, this paper focuses on the direction of brand image empowering business, broadens the research breadth and depth in the field of brand image, and enrichis the research achievements in the field of brand image.

Innovation management is an organizational iterative process of seeking and selecting new opportunities and ideas, implementing them, and capturing value from the results obtained. In the defense sector, due to the increasing interdependence between military capabilities and technology, countries have adopted innovation management approaches to drive the modernization of their defense industrial bases, promoting the development and integration of advanced technologies. This study presents an original systematic literature review on innovation management approaches applied to defense in developing countries. After the phases of identification and screening, 62 documents both from academic and gray literature were analyzed and categorized into 22 distinct approaches. The advantages, disadvantages, contexts, and potential applications of each approach were discussed. The findings show that the appropriate use of these approaches can strengthen the innovation capacity and technological independence of late-industrializing countries, consolidating their position in the global defense landscape and ensuring their sovereignty and continuous technological progress.

As the technical support for economic activities and social development, standards play a great role in modern society. However, with the increasing digitization of various industries, the traditional form of standards can no longer meet the needs of the new era, and there is an urgent need to digitally transform standards using advanced technologies. The digital transformation of standards involves the standard itself and all stages of its life cycle, is a very complex systematic project, in the transformation process, technology plays a key role. Therefore, this paper summarizes the key technologies involved in the process of digital transformation of standards, sorted out and evaluated them according to different purposes for which they were used, while giving the digitalization of standards transformation technology development trends and planning as well as typical cases, hoping to provide a comprehensive and clear perspective for those engaged in the related work, as well as reference for the subsequent research and application of digital transformation of standards.