Metal iodide materials as novel components of thermal biological and medical systems at the interface between heat transfer techniques and therapeutic systems. Due to their outstanding heat transfer coefficients, biocompatibility, and thermally activated sensitivity, metal iodides like silver iodide (AgI), copper iodide (CuI), and cesium iodide (CsI) are considered to be useful in improving the performance of medical instruments, thermal treatment processes, and diagnostics. They are examined for their prospective applications in controlling thermal activity, local heating therapy, and smart temperature-sensitive drug carrier systems. In particular, their application in hyperthermia therapy for cancer treatment, infrared thermal imaging for diagnosis, and nano-based drug carriers points to a place for them in precision medicine. But issues of stability of materials used, biocompatibility, and control of heat—an essential factor that would give the tools the maximum clinical value—remain a challenge. The present mini-review outlines the emerging area of metal iodides and their applications in medical technologies, with a special focus on the pivotal role of these materials in enhancing non-invasive, efficient, and personalized medicine. Over time, metal iodide-based systems scouted a new era of thermal therapies and diagnostic instrumentation along with biomedical science as a whole.

The prospects of digital infrastructure in promoting rural economic growth and development are by and large immense. The paper found that rural development is considerably important for economic development and for achievement of sustainable livelihoods that increases people’s ability to achieve good health and wellbeing that enable the achievement of sustainable development. The paper found that digital imbalance and digital illiteracy in the rural areas hinder implementation of digital infrastructure to lead to rural economic growth. Digital infrastructure is the source of economic opportunities that enables local people in the rural areas to be more creative in achieving development success. It enables them to have a unique sense of place and fashioning of vibrant economic and financial opportunities that ensure the achievement of sustainable rural economic development. However, the paper found that the application of digital infrastructure to South Africa’s rural areas in the bid to promote rural economic growth has been hindered by factors like the digital divide, financial constraints, digital illiteracy and the failure to own a smart phone. These factors hinder digital infrastructure from leading to sustainable rural economic development and growth. The paper used secondary data gathered from existing literature. The use of qualitative research methodology and document and content analysis techniques became vital in the process of collecting and analyzing collected data.

The artificial intelligence (AI)-based architect's profile's selection (simply iSelection) uses a polymathic mathematical model and AI-subdomains' integration for enabling automated and optimized human resources (HR) processes and activities. HR-related processes and activities in the selection, support, problem-solving, and just-in-time evaluation of a transformation manager's or key team members' polymathic profile (TPProfile). Where a TPProfile can be a classical business manager, transformation manager, project manager, or an enterprise architect. iSelection-related selection processes use many types of artifacts, like critical success factors (CSF), AI-subdomain' integration environments, and an enterprise-wide decision-making system (DMS). iSelection focuses on TPProfiles for various kinds of transformation projects, like the case of the transformation of enterprises' HRs (EHR) processes, activities, and related fields, like enterprise resources planning (ERP) environments, financial systems, human factors (HF) evolution, and AI-subdomains. The iSelection tries to offer a well-defined (or specific) TPProfile, which includes HF's original-authentic capabilities, education, affinities, and possible polymathical characteristics. Such a profile can also be influenced by educational or training curriculum (ETC), which also takes into account transformation projects’ acquired experiences. Knowing that selected TPProfiles are supported by an internal (or external) transformation framework (TF), which can support standard transformation activities, and solving various types of iSelection’s problems. Enterprise transformation projects (simply projects) face extremely high failure rates (XHFR) of about 95%, which makes EHR selection processes very complex.

This study aims to investigate the enhancement in electrical efficiency of a polycrystalline photovoltaic (PV) module. The performance of a PV module primarily depends upon environmental factors like temperature, irradiance, etc. Mainly, the PV module performance depends upon the panel temperature. The performance of the PV module has an inverse relationship with temperature. The open circuit voltage of a module decreases with the increase in temperature, which consequently leads to the reduction in maximum power, efficiency, and fill factor. This study investigates the increase in the efficiency of the PV module by lowering the panel temperature with the help of water channel cooling and water-channel accompanied with forced convection. The two arrangements, namely, multi-inlet outlet and serpentine, are used to decrease the temperature of the polycrystalline PV module. Copper tubes in the form of the above arrangements are employed at the back surface of the panel. The results demonstrate that the combined technique is more efficient than the simple water-channel cooling technique owing to multi-heat dissipation and effective heat transfer, and it is concluded that the multi-inlet outlet cooling technique is more efficient than the serpentine cooling technique, which is attributed to uniform cooling over the surface and lesser pressure losses.

In this work, the structural transformations of a suboxide vacuum-deposited film of SiO_1.3 composition annealed in an inert atmosphere in a wide temperature range of 100 °C–1100 °C were characterized by the reflection-transmission spectroscopy technique. The experimental spectroscopic data were used to obtain the spectra of the absorption coefficient α(hν) in the absorption edge region of the film. Based on their processing, the dependences of Urbach energy EU and optical (Tauc) bandgap Eo on the annealing temperature were obtained. An assessment of the electronic band gap (mobility gap) Eg was also carried out. Analysis of these dependences allowed us to trace dynamics of thermally stimulated disproportionation of the suboxide film and the features of the formation of nanocomposites consisting of amorphous and/or crystalline silicon nanoparticles in an oxide matrix.