This study delves into the nuanced impact of leadership styles on state-owned enterprises (SOEs) performance in Northeast China. It aims to discern how transformational, transactional, and authoritative leadership approaches influence organizational outcomes, framed within the context of sustainable leadership theory. Employing a quantitative methodology, the research analyzes survey data from employees across various SOEs to assess the relationship between leadership styles and company performance, including aspects such as job satisfaction, employee motivation, and operational efficiency. The findings reveal a clear dichotomy: transformational and transactional leadership styles positively correlate with improved performance metrics, fostering an environment of innovation, motivation, and job satisfaction. Conversely, authoritative leadership is shown to detrimentally affect these same metrics, potentially hindering organizational growth and employee morale. This research contributes to the broader discourse on leadership and organizational performance by highlighting the critical role of leadership style in enhancing the sustainable development of SOEs, particularly within China’s socio-political and economic fabric. Practical implications suggest a shift towards more adaptive, employee-centered leadership approaches to spur performance and sustainability in SOEs. The originality of this study lies in its specific focus on the Chinese context, offering insights into the leadership dynamics within SOEs and proposing actionable strategies for fostering leadership that align with sustainability and organizational excellence principles.

This article explores a method for evaluating the achievement of learning effectiveness based on virtual reality technology. The research analyzed the design and construction of a virtual learning environment, data collection of learner behavior, data analysis and evaluation methods, evaluation indicators and personalized feedback, as well as a case study of a virtual learning evaluation system. By using virtual reality technology to create an immersive learning environment, learners can gain an immersive learning experience, and evaluators can accurately record learners' behavior and performance. The learning effectiveness evaluation method based on virtual reality technology can improve learning effectiveness and teaching quality, promote educational innovation and development. These research results are of great significance for the evaluation of virtual learning effectiveness and personalized teaching in the field of education.

With the continuous development of education, the double reduction policy has gradually become the focus of educators. Especially for junior high school mathematics classrooms, there is an indelible connection between whether students can learn mathematics well and whether classroom teaching is effective, and the effectiveness of the classroom is often related to factors such as students' stress level. Therefore, as a qualified junior high school mathematics teacher, it is necessary to carefully do pre class work in daily teaching and research practice, design different forms of teaching and research plans under the double reduction policy, establish a unique learning atmosphere for students, and improve their core mathematical qualities. This article proposes corresponding solutions and strategies on how to carry out mathematics classroom teaching under the double reduction policy.

The scientificity and truthfulness of Marxist theory are crucial aspects of our research. To gain a comprehensive understanding, it is essential to examine Marxism within a reference frame and comparative perspective. In this regard, exploring Marx's critique of Proudhonism becomes significant, as it provides insights into the ideological transformations he achieved. Proudhonism, a small bourgeoisie socialism and anarchism that emerged in France in the 1840s and spread across Western Europe in the 1850s-1860s, had intricate connections with Marxism. This analysis not only broadens our research horizon but also holds practical implications for today's society. Thus, our research holds both theoretical and practical significance.

With the popularization of the Internet and the rapid development of computer network technology, human beings have entered a brand new era - the information age. This kind of network technology beyond space not only brings well-being to people, but also subtly affects the ideas and behaviors of teenagers. It not only changes their lifestyle and values, but also quietly makes them mentally ill, resulting in an endless series of problems of juvenile cybercrimes. For the purpose of promoting the governance of Internet crimes among young people effectively and avoiding crimes among special groups of young people, this paper plans to base on the concept of Internet crimes of teenagers, summarize the characteristics of youth crimes in our country, analyze its influence factors and propose the measures to deal with it.

This study addresses the present limited understanding of the complex relationship between ethical leadership, job stress, and employee job performance in the hotel business. This study shows that job stress moderates the association between ethical leadership and employee job performance, underlining the necessity for more research in the industry. The present study fills a crucial research void in our understanding of the complex interaction between these factors. The study utilizes a sample of 292 employees in the accommodation and hotel industry. Prior to commencing data collection, the questionnaire underwent thorough validation and reliability testing to ensure that the instrument met all specified criteria and demonstrated robustness. Using hierarchical regression analysis, the study reveals substantial findings. It has been discovered that ethical leadership has a direct and positive effect on employee job performance. Notably, job stress emerges as a significant moderating variable that affects the relationship between ethical leadership and employee job performance. This highlights the crucial role that job stress plays in determining outcomes. The research indicates that reducing workplace stress and fostering ethical leadership can result in improved employee job performance. In addition, the study highlights the importance of social learning theory in enhancing employee job performance, with job stress and ethical leadership serving as significant moderating factors.