In this study, nano-scale microstructural evolution in 6061-T6 alloy after laser shock processing (LSP) was studied. 6061-T6 alloy plate was subjected to multiple LSP. The LSP treated area was characterized by X-ray diffraction and the microstructure of the samples was analyzed by transmission electron microscopy. Focused Ion Beam (FIB) tools were used to prepare TEM samples in precise areas. It was found that even though aluminum had high stacking fault energy, LSP yielded to formation of ultrafine grains and deformation faults such as dislocation cells, stacking faults. The stacking fault probability (PSF) was obtained in LSP-treated alloy using X-Ray diffraction. Deformation induced stacking faults lead to the peak position shifts, broadening and asymmetry of diffraction. XRD analysis and TEM observations revealed significant densities of stacking faults in LSP-treated 6061-T6 alloy. And mechanical properties of LSP-treated alloy were also determined to understand the hardening behavior with high concentration of structural defects.

This exploratory study aims to identify the main characteristics and relationships between artificial intelligence (AI) and broadband development in Asia and the Pacific. Broadband networks are the foundation and prerequisite for the development of AI. But what types of broadband networks would be conducive are not adequately discussed so far. Furthermore, in addition to broadband networks, other factors, such as income level, broadband quality, and investment, are expected to influence the uptake of AI in the region. The findings are synthesized into a set of policy recommendations at the end of the article, which highlights the need for regional cooperation through an initiative, such as the Asia-Pacific Information Superhighway (AP-IS). 

Nanotransformations of a blanket at the fair dimensional combined processing with imposing of electric field the tool in the form of untied metal granules are considered. An object of researches are the figurine details applied in aviation, the missile and space equipment and in the oil and gas industry: driving wheels and a flowing part of cases of turbo-pump units, screws, krylchatka where there are sites of variable curvature with limited access of the tool in a processing zone.It is shown that the combination in the combined process of two-component technological environments of current carrying granules and the electroconductive liquid environment given with a high speed to a processing zone allows to receive the required quality of a blanket; action of electric field from a source with the increased tension allows to create at fair dimensional processingthe required peening from blows of firm granules. It gives the chance to raise a resource and durability of responsible knots of the aerospace equipment and oil and gas equipment, to expand the field of use of the combined processing with untied granules on a detailwith the sitesnot available to processing by a profile electrode.