The research aims to examine East Nusa Tenggara (NTT) bank service digitalization innovations and examine several implications of bank service digitalization innovations. This research uses a qualitative approach with data collection techniques: in-depth interviews, documentation, and focused discussions. The key informants in this research were the board of commissioners, directors, division heads, and NTT bank employees. The findings of this research are, first, the existence of an existing/generic model in the operational, supporting, and monitoring fields of NTT banks. Second, there is an innovation model for digitizing services and efforts to popularize the digitization of NTT bank services to the government-private sector, including micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), religious institutions, educational institutions, students and students as well as the broader community to provide easy access to sources of financing for the community, Eliminate regional tax leakage, encourage the development of micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) and assisted village farmers/breeders, provide entrepreneurial opportunities for the community, namely as a digital agent for NTT bank, minimize fraudulent behavior (shirking) in credit distribution. Third, service digitalization innovation uses a contextual sociolinguistic approach because it incorporates local and global vocabulary such as Bpung Mobile, Bpung Farmer, Lopo Dia Bisa, and Bpinjam. Fourth, service digitalization innovation refers to OJK regulations regarding banking digital transformation contained in RP 21 and PBI number 23/26/2021. Fifth, conventional services (hybrid approach) still accompany the digitalization innovation model. Sixth, Bank NTT is in quadrant III, namely growth. Bank NTT continuously optimizes existing resources by taking advantage of opportunities to increase business growth and continues to mitigate threats into opportunities and strengths. The implications of the innovation in digitizing NTT bank services include updating standard operating procedures (SOP), changing corporate culture from Flobamora to Bintang, and accelerating the increase in human capital capacity. The implications of research on bank management refer to the innovation of procurement of new IT systems. Banks can increase their attention to service quality and maintain customer trust to maintain the quality of digital banks among customers. Moreover, with post-COVID-19 conditions that require people to make digital transactions. With the changes in the financial industry towards digitalization, it is necessary to strengthen risk management in financial service institutions. The implications of the research results for policymakers need to be considered in the transformation towards digital banking related to equitable internet access in Indonesia, cybersecurity, and employment. Recommendations for future research are the importance of studying the determinants of digital service innovation in bank services, such as transformational leadership style, good corporate governance, and organizational commitment.

The problem of the current study is to study the moderating role of Blockchain technology on the impact of the use of financial technology (FinTech) on the competitive advantage of Jordanian banks. Quantitative analysis is appropriate. The study population consists of (600) employees in three banks at Jordan (Arab Bank, Islamic Bank, Ahli Bank) with its branches in various governorates. A questionnaire was developed to collect study data and distributed electronically. The number of participants was (240) respondents. The study confirms that there is an impact of the mediating role of Blockchain technology in the impact of the use of financial technology (FinTech) on competitive advantage. The study recommends increasing spending on financial technology applications to improve banking services provided to customers, especially through electronic applications and technologies. The study also recommends rebuilding current banking systems using Blockchain technology, which will remove the central database structure and replace it with a decentralized data environment via the blockchain, thus reducing the risk of database hacking. Since transactions via blockchain technology are verified by every node of the chain, it will make transactions more secure which will make the world’s banking systems faster and more secure.

As the complexity and scale of software applications increase, the challenges associated with testing these systems grow correspondingly, necessitating innovative and sustainable testing strategies. This paper explores a multifaceted approach aimed at addressing the intricate challenges inherent in testing large-scale software applications. Through a comprehensive examination of current industry practices and emerging trends, this study introduces a novel framework that integrates advanced testing techniques with state-of-the-art tools. This framework not only mitigates the challenges posed by the complexity and size of modern applications but also enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of the testing process. Key aspects of this research include a detailed exploration of test methodologies suited for large-scale applications, an evaluation of advanced tools designed for complex test scenarios, and an analysis of the impact of the test environment on sustainability. The findings offer valuable insights and actionable strategies for software development and testing professionals aiming to optimize testing processes and improve the quality and sustainability of their software in a rapidly evolving technological landscape.

A new method has been proposed to estimate top heat losses of vertical flat plate liquid/air collectors with double glazing. Empirical relations have been developed for the temperatures of glass covers, thus facilitating the calculation of individual heat transfer coefficients. The values of individual heat transfer coefficients therefore obtained can be used in the proposed analytical equation for the estimation of the top heat loss coefficient of the vertical collector with double glazing. The analytical equation has been developed for collector tilt angle of 60 to 90 degrees, plate temperature of 323 K to 423 K, absorber coating emittance of 0.1 to 0.95, air gap spacing of 20 mm to 50mm between the plate and inner glass cover, air gap spacing of 20 mm to 50mm between glass covers, wind heat transfer coefficient of 5 W/m2K to 30 W/m2K, and ambient temperature of 263K to 313K. The accuracy of the analytical equation has been validated for the said range of variables in comparison to numerical solutions, and the values of the top heat loss coefficient are found to be within 2.5 percent compared to numerical solutions.

Heat transfer augmentation procedures, such as Heat Transfer Enhancement and Intensification, are commonly used in heat exchanger systems to enhance thermal performance by decreasing thermal resistance and increasing convective heat transfer rates. Swirl-flow devices, such as coiled tubes, twisted-tape inserts, and other geometric alterations, are commonly used to create secondary flow and improve the efficiency of heat transfer. This study aimed to explore the performance of a heat exchanger by comparing its performance with and without the use of twisted-tape inserts. The setup consisted of a copper inner tube measuring 13 mm in inner diameter and 15 mm in outer diameter, together with an outer pipe measuring 23 mm in inner diameter and 25 mm in outer diameter. Mild steel twisted tapes with dimensions of 2 mm thickness, 1.2 cm width, and twist ratios of 4.3 and 7.2 were utilised. The findings indicated that the heat transfer coefficient was 192.99 W/m² °C when twisted-tape inserts were used, while it was 276.40 W/m² °C without any inserts. The experimental results closely aligned with the theoretical assumptions, demonstrating a substantial enhancement in heat transfer performance by the utilisation of twisted-tape inserts. The study provides evidence that the utilisation of twisted-tape inserts resulted in a nearly two times increase in the heat transfer coefficient, hence demonstrating their efficacy in augmenting heat transfer.

Fraudulence in cosmetic ingredients is becoming increasingly prevalent, alongside the rising demand and utilization of cosmetics within the populace. One of the whitening agents still utilized in cosmetics is mercury, present in forms such as mercury chloramide (HgNH₂Cl₂) and mercury chloride (HgCl₂). Prolonged mercury exposure can have adverse health effects. To address this issue, alternative mercury analysis methods in samples have been developed, including the utilization of silver nanoparticles amalgamated with sweet potato starch as a stabilizing agent. This paper aims to delve into the roles of silver nanoparticle AgNO₃ and sweet potato starch (as a stabilizer) as a sensor for mercury detection, which can be applied in cosmetic products. Detection of mercury utilizing nanoparticles is based on the Surface Plasmon Resonance phenomenon, which endows a high level of selectivity and sensitivity toward the presence of mercury metal ions. When interaction occurs between mercury metal and silver nanoparticles, the liquid undergoes a color change from yellowish-brown to transparent. This phenomenon arises from the oxidation of AgO (yellow) to Ag⁺ ions (transparent) by the mercury metal. Consequently, a silver nanoparticle sensor utilizing sweet potato starch as a stabilizing agent exhibits the potential to detect mercury metal within a substance with high efficacy.