Open pitaya (Stenocereus thurberi) flowers were marked at 10, 20, 30 and 40 days after floration (DAF). When fruit were formed, they were collected from each of the dates with the objective of evaluating physical, physiological and quality changes before and after harvest. In fruits with different DAF, the analyses of fruit size (diameter and length), weight, density, firmness, color in pulp and peel (L*, a* and b*), respiration rate (CO₂) and ethylene production were carried out. In the case of ripe and overripe fruit, in addition to the variables mentioned above, pH, percentage of total soluble solids TSS and total acidity (% citric acid equivalents) were evaluated. Fruit with 40 DAF were stored for up to 14 days at 25 ℃ and 80% RH to evaluate daily changes in respiration rate and ethylene production. It was found that during development the fruit tended to grow more in length than in diameter. In color, the best indicators of changes during fruit development were the parameters L* and b* for peel and for flesh L* and a*. For firmness in pitaya fruits, no significant differences were found with the methodology used. Changes in ethylene production and respiration rate during storage and development showed the usual behavior of climacteric fruits. Pitaya fruits with 40 FDD presented quality characteristics similar to those accepted by the consumer for this type of fruit. It is concluded that it is possible to evaluate the different stages of development in DDF of pitaya fruit based on the changes of the color space variables L*, a* and b*, in addition to the fact that the fruit follows the classical climacteric behavior.

Branched micro/nano Se was prepared by the redaction of L-Cys•HCl and H₂SeO₃ in hydrothermal method, as β-CD was used as soft template. The structures of products were characterized by SEM, TEM and XRD. Some important factors influencing the morphology of products were studied and discussed, including the amounts of soft template, the reaction temperature and the reaction time. The results showed that external causes had a potent effect on the morphology of micro/nano Se. The uniform branched micro/nano Se prepared under the optimal reaction condition was rhombohedral trigonal selenium t-Se⁰, but its crystallinity degree was low.

Public-Private Partnerships (PPPs) are mostly presented as a means to introduce efficient procurement methods and better value for money to taxpayers. However, the complexity of the PPP mechanism, their lack of transparency, accounting rules and implicit liabilities make it often impossible to perceive the amount of public expenditure involved and the long-run impact on taxpayers, providing room for fiscal illusion, i.e., the illusion that PPPs are much less expensive than traditional public investments. This psaper, thanks to a systematic review of the literature on the EU countries experience, tries to unveil the sources of this illusion by looking at the reasons behind the PPPs’ choice, their real costs, and the sources of fiscal risks. The literature suggests that PPPs are more costly than public funding, especially when contingent liabilities are not taken into account, and are employed as mechanisms to circumvent budgetary restrictions and to spend off-balance. The paper concludes that the public sector should share more risks with private sectors by reducing the amount of guarantees, and should prevent governments from operating through a sleight of hand that deflects attention away from off-balance financing, by applying a neutral fiscal recording system.

Art studies and activities for older adults have received significantly less attention as a result of prohibitively expensive materials that are unfit for commercial use, and research utilizing digital technology to investigate artistic activities for older adults is extremely limited. The purpose of this article is to analyze and review recent research in these fields to summarize the current trends. The literature review comprised 108 articles from databases that included Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The papers were subjected to a thorough examination by the VOSviewer program and researchers, who utilized content analysis to classify them into four themes: 1) inclusive design; 2) accessibility; 3) digital art therapy and 4) digital technology environments. Further investigation and development are necessary to propose a novel approach to instructing senior-level art utilizing cutting-edge technologies, which could be enhanced by the findings of this review article.

In the teaching of graphic design, students' learning state and learning effect are poor due to the lack of attractiveness of teaching materials. In order to fully display the graphic design knowledge contained in totem patterns, a model based on the pattern elements of totem patterns was constructed. Through Marvelous Designer software, the display of totem visual effects under different pattern element configurations was realized, providing a basis for the comparative explanation of graphic design teaching. When designing the teaching content, based on the totem art culture, it has constructed three parts of teaching methods of plane composition, teaching contents of plane composition and teaching concepts of plane composition, which correspond to the material selection, composition and freehand brushwork skills of totem patterns in modeling creativity and expression techniques, and the range of material selection, composition form and connotation of plane design teaching, the specific application is realized through knowledge transfer.

Mr. Tao Xingzhi said: game is a way for children to understand the world, is one of the means of education to children. Game is the basic activity of kindergarten, for children, game is "play", "play" is the pronoun of the game, "play" can make children happy, meet their needs, development, children are living in play, learning in play, growing up in play. Outdoor autonomous game activities are an indispensable part of the kindergarten curriculum system. This paper starts from "combing - self-analysis, facing the problem; Action -- planning and enriching the region; In terms of research -- organization, implementation and continuous adjustment, this paper expounds the experience of using the existing resources of Jinma Kindergarten to reform and attempt children's outdoor autonomous games in the course of curriculum gamification construction.