The Universal Child Immunization Village (UCI) is a community that has successfully achieved the goal of providing Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) to infants before they reach one year of age. Based on data from the 2018 Basic Health Research, Complete Basic Immunization (CBI) coverage reached 57.9%. In contrast, 32.9% of the population received incomplete immunizations, while a small portion, namely 9.2%, did not receive any immunizations at all. This research aims to understand the implementation of government regulations regarding immunization implementation in the working area of Tarempa Community Health Center, Anambas Islands Regency. In this study, the author uses a qualitative socio-legal method. The snowball sampling technique was used to collect research samples. The samples in this study are parents of infants in South Tarempa Village and East Coastal Village, healthcare workers in the working area of Tarempa Community Health Center, and the PPKB Department of Health who meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Out of 9 primary informants, the coverage of immunization implementation in the working area of Tarempa Community Health Center primarily did not meet the requirements with seven informants (77.8%) and met the criteria with two respondents (22.2%). The assessment of the role of healthcare workers as customers, communicators, motivators, facilitators, and counselors was positively evaluated based on good criteria. Parental refusal of immunization and the lack of regulations from local governments are inhibiting factors in implementing immunization programs.

Electoral contestation in recent Indonesian election periods is faced with the challenge of polarization linked to identity politics, where initially assigned identity is leveraged as tools for political competition. This is a qualitative research, using interviews, observations, and direct group discussion methods to collect data from five different regions in Indonesia. The research focused on the presence of governing regulations and how they develop in complex dynamics. The results showed that identity politics was prevalent in all regions due to mobilization through identity manipulation to gain electoral political advantage. Furthermore, electoral characteristics showed a growing tendency toward polarization, primarily in terms of religion and ethnicity, with some issues related to regionalism, gender, religious affiliations, and family history networks. It was also found that weak regulations on identity manipulation led to increasing permissiveness among political actors, the state, and voters. This made identity issues become natural electoral problems, despite weakening the developing democracy in Indonesia. In this context, future contests in Indonesia are expected to consistently intensify identity politics, with the lack of regulations, permissiveness, and social media serving as the main driving factors.

Personal data privacy regulation and mitigation are critical in implementing financial technology (fintech). Problems with fintech users’ data might result from data breaches, improper usage, and trade. Issues with personal data will result in financial losses, crimes, and violations of personal information. This legal research used three approaches: conceptual, comparative, and statute-based. In order to implement the statutory method, all laws and regulations pertaining to the legal concerns of information technology, fintech, personal data security, and protection are reviewed. Due to the nature of the sources of data, this study mainly used literature study and document observation to collect the data. Then, legal interpretation, legal reasoning, and legal argumentation are all included in the qualitative juridical analysis. This article recommends two strategies that Indonesia should take to provide personal data protection, including: 1) establishing the Personal Data Protection Commission (PDPC); and 2) improving the financial literacy of consumers.

The principle of legality constitutes one of the basic principles of the government’s rule of law, and as a result, it has been recognized as one of the most essential guarantees of human rights. The goals of sustainable development have a strong link with the principle of legality, and achievements in accomplishing a goal can frequently contribute to the accomplishment of other goals in addition. The United Arab Emirates’ constitutional framework, regulations, and rules, along with the goals for sustainable development (SDGs), were profoundly affected by the principle of legality. The method in which international standards and laws have been integrated into the UAE’s national legal framework provides definitive proof of this effect. The research concluded that all published and unofficial legal regulations have to be respected in order for public authorities to use within the limits of the principle of legality. These involve adhering to the standards of positive legitimacy and the fundamental regulations the community agrees on.

Analysis of the factors influencing the price of carbon emissions trading in China and its time-varying characteristics is essential for the smooth operation of the carbon trading system. We analyse the time-varying effects of public concern, degree of carbon regulation, crude oil price, international carbon price and interest rate level on China’s carbon price through SV-TVP-VAR model. Among them, the quantification of public concern and the degree of carbon emission regulation is based on microblog text and government decisions. The results show that all the factors influencing carbon price are significantly time-varying, with the shocks of each factor on carbon price rising before 2019 and turning significantly thereafter. The short-term shock effect of each factor is more significant compared to the medium- and long-term, and the effect almost disappears at a lag of six months. Thanks to public environmental awareness, low-carbon awareness and the progress of carbon market management mechanisms, public concern has had the most significant impact on carbon price since 2019. With the promulgation of relevant management measures for the carbon market, relevant regulations on carbon emission accounting, financing constraints, and carbon emission quota allocation for emission-controlled enterprises have become increasingly mature, and carbon price signals are more sensitive to market information. The above findings provide substantial empirical evidence for all stakeholders in the market, who need to recognize that the impact of non-structural factors on the price of carbon varies over time. Government intervention also serves as a key aspect of carbon emission control and requires the introduction of relevant constraints and incentives. In particular, emission-controlling firms need to focus on the policy direction of the carbon market, and focus on the impact of Internet public opinion on business production while reducing carbon allowance demand and energy dependence.