With the faster pace of China’s opening to the outside world, the contacts between Chinese enterprises and Portuguese speaking countries are becoming more and more frequent. Under this trend, how to further improve the quality of Portuguese classroom teaching is related to the development of students, enterprises and the long-term development of the whole country. This paper mainly focuses on the two aspects of “the main problems existing in Portuguese classroom teaching” and “the improvement countermeasures of Portuguese classroom teaching”. Combined with the current situation of Portuguese teaching, this paper puts forward targeted reform measures, in order to further optimize the Portuguese teaching system, with “student development”, “enterprise development” and take “national development” as the ultimate goal to cultivate a large number of high-quality Portuguese talents to the society.

The progress of a country can be directly related to the education level of its countrymen. Over a time period, the internet has become a game changer for the world of disseminating education. From 2000 onwards, the scale of online courses has increased manyfold. The main reason for this growth in online learning can be attributed to the flexibility in course delivery and scheduling. Through this study, the authors analyzed the challenges in adopting Online degree programs in higher education in management in India. The authors used Focus Group discussions, semi-structured interviews, and in-depth interviews to collect the data from the various stakeholders. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the responses. Considering the challenges and constraints in India, the authors proposed a sustainable model for implementation. Based on the viewpoints of the different stakeholders, the authors find that online degrees can be instrumental in bringing inclusivity in higher education. There are obvious constraints like a lack of IT infrastructure, the inexperience of faculty in online pedagogy, and the need for more expertise in the administration of online programs by existing universities. However, using SWAYAM as a platform can overcome most of these constraints, as it reduces the burden on individual universities. Hence, the authors proposed models where SWAYAM (technology platform) and Universities (academic partners) can come together to provide a sustainable education model.

Objectives: This study aims to examine the impact of Sun Tzu’s Art of War Five Virtues Leadership on innovation and the efficiency of the Chinese brand passenger vehicle industry, explore the role of innovation in enhancing industry efficiency, and propose strategies for leveraging the Five Virtues Leadership to improve operational performance and competitiveness in the sector. Methodology: A mixed research method using quantitative research (questionnaire survey) as the main method and qualitative research (in-depth interview) as the auxiliary method. Result: Quantitative and qualitative research results confirm the positive correlation between the Five Virtues Leadership, innovation, and the efficiency of Chinese brand passenger vehicle companies. And through effective data analysis, it explains the importance of the five virtues of leadership in traditional Chinese culture. Further understanding of the effectiveness and competitiveness of China’s passenger car brands, with leadership references. Conclusion: Five Virtues Leadership can foster a favorable environment for innovation, enhance time utilization, optimize resource allocation, and strengthen brand image. By developing and validating a measurement for Five Virtues Leadership, this study enhances the understanding of its role and significance in modern management, paving the way for future research.

The need for global energy conservation has become more urgent because of the negative effects of excessive energy use, such as higher fuel consumption, greater environmental pollution, and depletion of the ozone layer. There has been a significant increase in the demand for central and high-capacity household air conditioning systems in Muscat in recent years. The need for this is influenced by factors such as arid climate, increasing temperatures, air pollution, and population increase. As a result, there has been a significant increase in electricity use, putting a strain on power resources. To tackle this difficulty, the incorporation of solar collectors as supplementary thermal compressors in air conditioning systems offers a chance to utilise renewable energy sources. The objective of this hybrid technique is to enhance the effectiveness of cooling systems, hence minimising the need for electricity and lowering the release of environmental pollutants.