The purpose of this article is to determine the equitability of airport and university allocations throughout Ethiopian regional states based on the number of airports and institutions per 1 million people. According to the sample, the majority of respondents believed that university allocation in Ethiopia is equitable. In contrast, the majority of respondents who were asked about airports stated that there is an uneven distribution of airports across Ethiopia’s regional states. Hence, both interviewees and focus group discussants stated that there is a lack of equitable distribution of universities and airports across Ethiopia’s regional states. This paper contributes a lesson on how to create a comprehensive set of determining factors for equitable infrastructure allocation. It also provides a methodological improvement for assessing infrastructure equity and other broader implications across Ethiopian regional states.

Lean (also referred to as the Toyota Production System, TPS) is considered to be a radical alternative to the traditional method of mass production and batching principles for maximising operational efficiency, quality, speed and cost. Many hospitals inspired from lean manufacturing to develop their process. They had many improvements in their process. Hospitals reduced their patient waiting times, defects, wastes related to inventory, staff movement and patient transportation by implementing. This study utilizes scientometric and bibliometric tools to analyze visually the literature published in the field of medical lean manufacturing from 2009 to 2023. The relevant articles published from 2009 to 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, VOSviewer and R software were used for bibliometric analysis and visualization. The number of publications related to the research has been increasing year by year before 2021, and then showed a downward trend, including 418 articles from 64 countries and regions, 743 institutions, 198 journals, and 1766 authors. The United States, Italy, and England are the main publishing countries in this research field. The journal “International Journal of Lean Six Sigma” published the most papers (n = 21) about lean manufacturing in medicine, the author with the most publications is Teeling SP, and the most influential author is Improta G. The top three keywords are “Healthcare”, “Quality improvement” and “Management”. This study provides a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of lean manufacturing in medicine, which can help researchers understand the current research hotspots in this field, explore potential research directions, and identify future development trends.

In contemporary English teaching in primary and secondary schools, good use of modern educational technology can greatly improve the efficiency of teachers' teaching and students' learning, especially during the epidemic period, the application of educational technology in teaching has become an indispensable topic. As the guider of students, teachers should have more mature modern education concepts, master various advanced teaching technologies, prevent the use of "formalism" in educational technology, and ensure that network resources can have a positive impact on students' learning efficiency and effect. This paper adopts the methods of field investigation, interview and literature analysis to investigate and study the current situation of the application of modern educational technology in English teaching in Jinhe Middle School in Genhe City, analyze the existing problems, and propose targeted solutions, in order to effectively apply modern educational technology in Jinhe Middle School and improve its English teaching efficiency and effect.

The objective of the research is twofold. The study examines the role of public finance in promoting sustainable development in SSA. Secondly, the study investigates the optimal level of public finance beyond which public finance crowds out investment and hinders sustainable development in SSA. The study adopts a battery of econometric techniques such as the traditional ordinary least square (OLS) estimation technique, Driscoll-Kraay covariance matrix estimator, and the dynamic panel threshold model. The study found that an increase in public debts lead to a decline in sustainable development. In contrast, the results show that increase in spending on health and education, and tax can engender sustainable development in SSA. Further, we uncover the optimal levels of public spending on health and education, and public debts that engenders sustainable development in SSA. One main implication of the findings is that governments across SSA needs to reduce public debts levels and increase public spending on health and education to within the threshold levels established in this study to aid sustainable development in SSA.

In this study, the entropy weight method, the α convergence model, the absolute β convergence model and the conditional β convergence model are used to evaluate the 31 provinces’ innovative potential in China from 2011 to 2022. It is found that the innovative potential in nationwide China and in various regions are all increasing year by year, and the innovative potential in the eastern region is obviously better than that in the central region and western region. No matter considering the influence of external factors or not, the gap of innovative potential among provinces in different regions will gradually expand over time, with the largest gap among provinces in the eastern region, followed by the central region and the smallest in the western region. The conclusion of this study is instructive to enhance the innovative potential of China and promote the balanced development of regional innovative potential in China.