The paper reports on the results of research on the institution of public-private partnerships in the field of implementation of state youth policy, particularly through socially important social youth projects, including social-entrepreneurial. The study explores social projects that enjoy the full range of support from all subjects in public-private partnerships: the state represented by public authorities, business structures, non-profit organizations, and youth. The authors highlight that the infrastructure of youth policy in the implementation of social-entrepreneurial youth projects needs to be changed conceptually. There is a need to establish comprehensive creative and professional spaces that shape young people’s personalities and practice a future-oriented model of organizing collaborative social projects.

Access to affordable and quality medicines plays a vital role for achieving Universal Health Coverage and in reducing out-of-pocket expenditures (OOPE) for households especially in developing nations such as India. Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana (PMBJP), a Government of India initiative, aims to make low-cost and quality generic drugs and surgical equipment accessible to all segments of the population through its dedicated store outlets known as Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Kendra (PMBJK). In this study, a pilot survey comprising 20 stores/PMBJKs and 150 citizens was undertaken in the Bengaluru Urban District, India to understand various aspects of the PMBJKs including availability of drugs, stock-outs, accessibility to stores, perception and awareness levels along with challenges faced by store owners and citizens/beneficiaries. Based on the survey results, we capture the availability of drugs for 35 medicines and consumables belonging to 12 therapeutic categories across 20 store outlets. We also provide valuable insights and interdisciplinary recommendations on several facets including adopting technology-based measures for day-to-day functioning of stores, need for in-depth supply chain analysis for ensuring availability of drugs, encouraging prescription of generic medicines, increasing awareness levels in addition to promoting grassroot-level research, surveys and feedback mechanisms. These suggestions are expected to find their utility in policy-making, strengthen the implementation of the PMBJP scheme across Bengaluru and India as well as contribute towards achieving related Sustainable Development Goals.

Atomic interaction between mediator protein of human prostate cancer (PHPC) and Fe/C720 Buckyballs-Statin is important for medical science. For the first time, we use molecular dynamics (MD) approach based on Newton’s formalism to describe the destruction of PHPC via Fe/C720 Buckyballs-Statin with atomic accuracy. In this work, the atomic interaction of PHPC and Fe/C720 Buckyballs-Statin introduced via equilibrium molecular dynamics approach. In this method, each PHPC and Fe/C720 Buckyballs-Statin is defined by C, H, Cl, N, O, P, S, and Fe elements and contrived by universal force field (UFF) and DREIDING force-field to introduce their time evolution. The results of our studies regarding the dynamical behavior of these atom-base compounds have been reported by calculating the Potential energy, center of mass (COM) position, diffusion ratio and volume of defined systems. The estimated values for these quantities show the attraction force between Buckyball-based structure and protein sample, which COM distance of these samples changes from 10.27 Å to 2.96 Å after 10 ns. Physically, these interactions causing the destruction of the PHPC. Numerically, the volume of this biostructure enlarged from 665,276 Å3 to 737,143 Å3 by MD time passing. This finding reported for the first time which can be considered by the pharmaceutical industry. Simulations indicated the volume of the PHPC increases by Fe/C720 Buckyballs-Statin diffusion into this compound. By enlarging this quantity (diffusion coefficient), the atomic stability of PHPC decreases and protein destruction procedure fulfilled.

Access to clean drinking water is universally recognized as a fundamental human right, yet millions globally still lack safe water. Contaminants such as heavy metals, organic compounds, and microbial pathogens pose significant health risks. Traditional water purification methods, while effective, often come with high costs and may not remove all types of contaminants. There is a need for more accessible and comprehensive solutions to improve drinking water quality. This study aims to explore the efficacy of activated carbon as a viable solution for enhancing drinking water quality and to identify the mechanisms through which it purifies water. The research involved a review of existing literature on activated carbon, including its various forms (powdered, granular, black carbon filters) and sources (coal, coconut shells, wood, peat). The study analyzed the physical and chemical processes of adsorption and the factors influencing these mechanisms. Activated carbon significantly increases surface area and adsorption capacity, enabling effective removal of a diverse range of pollutants, including volatile organic compounds (VOCs), chlorine, heavy metals, and certain harmful microbes. The findings suggest that activated carbon is a promising and cost-effective alternative for improving drinking water quality, with potential applications in various contexts to enhance public health and access to safe water.

The Method of Discretization in Time (MDT) is a hybrid numerical technique intended to alleviate upfront the computational procedure of timedependent partial differential equations of parabolic type upfront. The MDT engenders a sequence of adjoint second order ordinary differential equations, wherein the space coordinate is the independent variable and time becomes an embedded parameter. Essentially, the adjoint second order ordinary differential equations are considered of “quasistationary” nature. In this work, the MDT is used for the analysis of unsteady heat conduction in regular bodies (large wall, long cylinder and sphere) accounting for nearly constant thermophysical properties, uniform initial temperature and surface heat flux. In engineering applications, the surface heat flux is customarily provided by electrical heating, radiative heating and pool fire heating. It is demonstrated that the approximate, semianalytical temperature solutions of the first adjoint “quasistationary” heat conduction equations using the first time jump are easily obtainable for each regular body. For enhanced acccuracy, regression analysis is applied to the deviations of the dimensionless surface temperature as a function of the dimensionless time for each regular body.