The electrospinning precursor solution was prepared by dissolving polyvinyl pyrrolidone as template, tetrabutyl titanate as titanium source, and acetic acid as inhibitor. The TiO₂ nanofilms were prepared by precursor solution electrospinning and subsequent calcination. Thermal gravimetric analysis (TG), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to characterize and analyze the samples. The influence of technological parameters on spinning fiber morphology was also studied. The results indicate that the TiO₂ nanofibers morphology is good when the parameters are as follows: voltage 1.4×10⁴ V，spinning distance 0.2 m，translational velocity 2.5×10^-3 m·s^-1, flow rate 3×10^-4 m·s^-1, and needle diameter 3×10^-4 m. The diameter of the fibers is about 150 nm. With the 1×10^-4 mol·L^-1 methylene blue solution used as simulated degradation target, the degradation rate is 95.8% after 180 minutes.

Ce⁴⁺-doped nanometer ZnO powder was synthesized by so-l gel method. The microstructures and properties of the samples were characterized through XRD, UV-Vis and FTIR. The results indicated that the Ce⁴⁺ was successfully incorporated into ZnO, and the diameter of the nanometer was about 10.7nm. It induced the redshifting in the UV-Vis spectra. The photocatalytic activity of the samples was investigated using methylene blue (MB) as the model reaction under irradiation with ultraviolet light. The results showed that the doping of Ce⁴⁺ could increase the photocatalytic activities of ZnO nanopowders and that the best molar ratio of Ce⁴⁺ was n(Ce)/n(Zn) = 0.05, that the surfactant was sodium dodecyl sulfate, and that the nanometer ZnO was calcinated at 550 ℃ for 3 hours. Meanwhile, it inspected the effect of photocatalytic efficiency through the pH of MB, the amount of catalyst, and illumination time. The experimental results revealed that the initial mass concentration of MB was 10 mg/L, that the pH value was 7-8, that the dosage of Ce⁴⁺/ZnO photo-catalyst was 5 g/L, that the UV-irradiation time was 2 h, and that the removal rate of MB reached above 85%. Under the optimized conditions, the degradation rate of real dye wastewater was up to 87.67% and the removal efficiency of COD was 63.5%.

In recent years, nanoporous alloys have presented the advantages of a large specific surface area, low density, and simple operation, and they have been widely used in the fields of catalysis, magnetism, and medicine. Nanoporous Pt-Si alloy was prepared by melt-spun and chemical dealloying, and was characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, and transmission electron microscopy. Pt-Si alloys possess a three-dimensional bicontinuous structure and an average size of 5 nanometers. Compared with commercial Pt/C catalysts, nanoporous Pt-Si alloys exhibit excellent electrocatalytic activity and stability in ethanol-catalyzed oxidation reactions. It is taken into consideration to be a promising catalyst in direct ethanol fuel cells.