Highlights:

• Innovative Methodologies: The study explores cutting-edge AI techniques, such as CNNs, and their application to geological mapping and mineral exploration.
• Performance Improvements: AI-driven approaches outperform traditional methods in accuracy and computational efficiency.
• Ethical Considerations: The research addresses the ethical and social impacts of AI in geosciences, emphasizing responsible application.
• Future Directions: The study proposes future research directions, including the integration of AI with other technologies like GIS and IoT.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the current state and future potential of AI in geosciences. It highlights the transformative impact of AI on geological mapping and mineral exploration, while also addressing the challenges and ethical considerations associated with its application. By offering practical solutions and future directions, this study sets the stage for responsible and impactful AI-driven advancements in the field.

Citation:

Akhtar ZB, Rawol AT. Harnessing artificial intelligence (AI) towards the landscape of big earth data: Methods, challenges, opportunities, future directions. Journal of Geography and Cartography. 2025; 8(1): 10224. https://doi.org/10.24294/jgc10224