Alfeld, L. E. (2009). Urban Dynamics. UNESCO-EOLSS.
Bahru, Z. (2002). A History of Modern Ethiopia: 1855–1991. Addis Ababa University Press.
Bertolini, L. (1998). Cities on Rails. The redevelopment of railway station areas E&FN Spon.
Bolay, J. (2020). Urban Planning Against Poverty: How to think and do better cities in the global south. Springer.
Bolton, T. (2014). The spatial character of London’s railway terminus neighbourhoods. In: Proceedings of the 10th international space syntax symposium.
Brears, R. (2022). The Palgrave Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Futures. Springer.
Chen, G., & Abreu, e. S. (2011). The Regional Impacts of High Speed Rail: A Review of Methods and Models. Association for European Transport and Contributors.
Chen, Y. (2021). Laying the tracks: The political economy of railway development in Ethiopia’s railway sector and implications for technology transfer.
Cities Alliance. (2022). The Dynamics of Systems of Secondary Cities in Africa: Urbanization, Migration and Development. Cities Alliances and African Development Bank.
Collins, G. (1968). Linear Planning. Forum; 1968.
Egziabher, T. G. (2000). Regional development planning in Ethiopia: past experience, current initiatives and future prospects. Eastern Africa Social Science Research Review.
ERC. (2012). New Standard Gauge Railway Ethiopia/Sebeta-Djibouti/Nagad Railway Feasibility Study Part I: General Specification. Ethiopian Railways Corporation.
FDRE-COM. (2007). Ethiopian Railway Corporation Establishment Councel of Ministers Regulation No. 141/2007. Federal Negarit Gazeta, Birhan Ena Selam.
FDRE-HoPR. (1995). The Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopian Constitution Proclamation No. 1. Birhan Ena Selam-Federal Negarit Gazeta.
FDRE-HoPR. (2021). Definition of Powers and Duties of the Executive Organs Proclamation No. 1263/2021. Federal Negarit Gazette Birhan Ena Selam.
Fundan SIRPA. (2017). Development and Industrialization in Ethiopia: Reflections from China’s Experience. Fundan University School of International Relations and Public Affairs.
Furundzic, D. (2013). Infrastructure Corridor as Linear City. International Conference on Architecture and Urban Design.
Gray, D. E. (2004). Doing Research in the Real World. SAGE Publications.
Hall, P., Tewdwr-Jones, M. (2020). Urban and Regional Planning, 6th ed. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group.
Kato, K. Y. M., Delgado, N. G., & Romano, J. O. (2022). Territorial Approach and Rural Development Challenges: Governance, State and Territorial Markets. Sustainability, 14(12), 7105.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14127105
Knickel, K., Almeida, A., Bauchinger, L., et al. (2021). Towards More Balanced Territorial Relations—The Role (and Limitations) of Spatial Planning as a Governance Approach. Sustainability, 13(9), 5308.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su13095308
Kothari, C. (2004). Research Methodology: Methodes and techniques. New Age International Publishers.
Kozicki, M. (2015). The history of railway in Ethiopia and its role in the economic and social development of this country. Studies in African Languages and Cultures, (49), 143–170.
Liu, Q. (2022). The impact of high-speed railway on the economic development of cities along the HSR lines-An example from Shaanxi Province. Politecnico di Torino.
Mengistu, D. T., Gebremariam, E., Wang, X., et al. (2022). Pandemic-Resilient Urban Centers: A New Way of Thinking for Industrial-Oriented Urbanization in Ethiopia. Urban Science, 6(2), 26.
https://doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6020026
Molaei, P., Tang, L., & Hardie, M. (2021). Measuring Walkability with Street Connectivity and Physical Activity: A Case Study in Iran. World, 2(1), 49–61.
https://doi.org/10.3390/world2010004
MoUDH. (2016). Urban Plan Preparation and Implementation Strategy. Ministry of Urban Development and Housing.
MoUI. (2020). Urban Plan Preparation and Implementation Strategy. Ministry of Urban Infrastructure.
MoUI. (2023). Criteria for Determining the Hierarchy of Cities. Ministry of Urban Infrastructure.
Navalkar, A., Jaiswal, S., Pranadh, M., et al. (2023). Impact of railways on land use and land cover change: Evidence from India. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 124, 103933.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2023.103933
Ofori-Amoah, B. (2022). Are cities engines for economic development in Africa? In: Moseley, W. G., Otiso, K. M. Debating African Issues. Routledge. pp. 109-120.
Paaswell, R. E. (2008). Railway Development: Impacts on Urban Dynamics. Physica Heidelberg.
Pankurust, R. (1967). Menelik and the Utilization of foreign skills in Ethiopia. Journal of Ethiopian Studies, 1(1).
Priemus, H. (2003). What are corridors and what are the issues? Introduction to special issue: the governance of corridors. Journal of transport geography, 11(3), 167–177.
Rietveld, P. (1992). Transport and regional development. Physica-Verlag HD.
Roberts, B., & Hohmann, R. (2014). The Systems of Secondary Cities: The neglected drivers of urbanising economies. Cities Alliance.
Salm, S. J. (2005). African urban spaces in historical perspective. University Rochester Press.
Sang, C. C., Olago, D. O., Nyumba, T. O., et al. (2022). Assessing the Underlying Drivers of Change over Two Decades of Land Use and Land Cover Dynamics along the Standard Gauge Railway Corridor, Kenya. Sustainability, 14(10), 6158.
https://doi.org/10.3390/su14106158
Sap, H. (2005). Corridors and/or Linear Cities: A Historic Contribution to the Contemporary Discussion on Corridor Development [PhD thesis]. Eindhoven University of Technology.
Sap, H. (2007). Corridors and/or linear cities; a historic contribution to the contemporary discussion on corridor development. Eindhoven University of Technology.
Schwander, C. (2007). Network analysis applied: The railway network in South East England. In: Proceedings of the 6th international space syntax symposium.
Söderbaum, F. (2006). Comparative regional integration and regionalism. The Sage Handbook of Comparative Politics.
Song, G., Cai, J., & Fu, Y. (2023). Regional development study how to develop a small city affected by siphoning: A case of a Chinese city. Prosperitas, 10(3), 1–13.
Torne, J. M., & de Duque, S. H. (2016). Intermediary Cities: Planning and Management of Sustainable Urban Development. United Cities and Local Governments.
UCLG. (2016). Co-creating the Urban Future: The Agenda of Metropopises, Cities and Territories. United Cities and Local Governments.
UIC. (2019). Railway stations boosting the city. International Union of Railway.
UN. (2023). United Nation Department of Economic and Social Affers Population Devesion. Available online:
https://population.un.org/wpp/ (accessed on 16 March 2023).
UN-HABITAT. (2016). Preparatory Committee for the United Nations Conference on Housing and Sustainable Urban Development (Habitat III), 3rd ed. UN-Habitat.
