Policy of Medan City Government in the development of public health services: A case study of Medan Berkah Health Insurance Program

Muhammad Imanuddin Kandias Saraan ,Muhammad Arifin Nasution ,Faiz Albar Nasution

doi:10.24294/jipd.v8i7.4145

Home - JIPD - Volume 8 - Issue 7

Submit to JIPD

Journal Browser

Volume | Year

Issue

• Current lssue

View All

News and Announcements

View All

Policy of Medan City Government in the development of public health services: A case study of Medan Berkah Health Insurance Program

Muhammad Imanuddin Kandias Saraan

Muhammad Arifin Nasution

Faiz Albar Nasution

Journal of Infrastructure Policy and Development 2024, 8(7), 4145; https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i7.4145

Submitted：09 Jan 2024

Accepted：28 Feb 2024

Published：25 Jul 2024

Download PDF(303.84KB)

Cite

XML

Abstract

Universal Health Coverage is a health insurance system that ensures every citizen in the population has equitable access to quality and effective promotive, preventive, curative, and rehabilitative health services. Meanwhile, the Medan City Government of Indonesia is trying to improve health services through the Medan Berkah Health Insurance Program by adopting Universal Health Coverage, which aims to provide Universal Health Coverage to the entire community. This study aims to explain the implementation and projection of the development of health services of the Medan City Government with the Universal Health Coverage System in the Medan Berkah Health Insurance Program which is intended as a step in providing opportunities for all people to get equal opportunities in health services, especially for the poor. This research uses qualitative research by using the literacy study method by studying related documents and conducting in-depth observations. Data analysis included data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. The Medan City Government implemented the Universal Health Coverage Program in Jaminan Kesehatan Medan Berkah, which aims to improve health services in the city. The government is committed to simplifying the bureaucracy, managing the medical workforce, and collaborating with stakeholders and the community. However, challenges include low community participation, limited resources, lack of coordination, and limited access to information, which hinder the successful implementation of the program.

Keywords

References

Adiyanta, F. C. S. (2020). Urgency of Universal Health Coverage policy for the implementation of public health services during the Covid-19 pandemic (Indonesian). Administrative Law and Governance Journal, 3(2), 272–299. https://doi.org/10.14710/alj.v3i2.

Agasi, A. (2023). The Government’s Role in Poverty Reduction in Medan City (Indonesian). In: Seminar Nasional Lppm Ummat, 2, 247–252.

Aisyah, S., Lituhayu, D., & Djumiarti, T. (2022). Implementation of Universal Health Coverage Policy to Address Health Problems for Underprivileged Communities in Semarang City (Indonesian). Journal of Public Policy and Management Review, 12(1), 195–215.

Alamsyah, A., & Handoko, R. (2019). Puskesman Service Quality in Measuring Community Satisfaction (Indonesian). JPAP: Jurnal Penelitian Administrasi Publik, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.30996/jpap.v5i2.2962

Anam, K. (2022). Bobby Nasution Launches Medan Berkah Health Insurance (Indonesian). Available online: https://www.cnbcindonesia/news/20221205210919-4-393996/bobby-nasution-luncurkan-jaminan-kesehatan-medan-berkah (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Anam, K., antaranews, & Medan, P. K. (2023). 4,802 people have received JKMB services in 43 hospitals in Medan City (Indonesian). Available online: https://regional.kompas/read/2022/12/06/09000761/tingkatkan-pelayanan-kesehatan-di-medan-wali-kota-bobby-lu

Antaranews. (2023a). 2,607 Medan City residents served by JKMB program at 41 Puskesmas (Indonesian). Available online: https://www.antaranews/berita/3647913/2607- (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Antaranews. (2023b). 3,944 Medan residents receive JKMB services since its launch last year. Available online: https://www.antaranews/berita/3536094/3944- (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Asante, A., Cheng, Q., Susilo, D., et al. (2023). The benefits and burden of health financing in Indonesia: analyses of nationally representative cross-sectional data. The Lancet Global Health, 11(5), 770–780. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(23)00064-5

Bouzaidi, T. D., & Ragbi, A. (2024). An analysis of the trend towards Universal Health Coverage and access to healthcare in Morocco. Health Economics Review, 14(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13561-023-00477-0

Cashin, C., & Gatome-Munyua, A. (2022). The Strategic Health Purchasing Progress Tracking Framework: A Practical Approach to Describing, Assessing, and Improving Strategic Purchasing for Universal Health Coverage. Health Systems & Reform, 8(2), e2051794.

Creswell, J. W., & Poth, C. N. (2016). Qualitative inquiry & research design: choosing among five approaches. Sage Publications, Inc PP—Thousand Oaks.

Dinkes. (2018). Gambaran Umum Universal Health Coverage (UHC). Available online: https://dinkes.jogjaprov.go.id/berita/detail/uhc-gambaran-umum-universal-health-coverage-uhc (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Ekirapa-Kiracho, E., Ssennyonjo, A., Cashin, C., et al. (2022). Strategic Purchasing Arrangements in Uganda and Their Implications for Universal Health Coverage. Health Systems & Reform, 8(2), 2084215. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2022.2084215

Erinaputri, N., Listiani, R., Pramudyawardani, F. D., & Istanti, N. D. (2023). The Role of Health Centers to Achieve Universal Health Coverage in Indonesia: A Literature Review (Indonesian). Jurnal Medika Nusantara, 1(2), 190–199. https://doi.org/10.59680

Ezenwaka, U., Gatome-Munyua, A., Nwankwor, C., et al. (2022). Strategic Health Purchasing in Nigeria: Investigating Governance and Institutional Capacities within Federal Tax-Funded Health Schemes and the Formal Sector Social Health Insurance Programme. H

Gatome-Munyua, A., Sieleunou, I., Barasa, E., et al. (2022). Applying the Strategic Health Purchasing Progress Tracking Framework: Lessons from Nine African Countries. Health Systems & Reform, 8(2), e2051796. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2022.2051796

Gatome-Munyua, A., Sieleunou, I., Sory, O., & Cashin, C. (2022). Why Is Strategic Purchasing Critical for Universal Health Coverage in Sub-Saharan Africa? Health Systems & Reform, 8(2), e2051795. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2022.2051795

Ginting, N. G. B., & Agustina, D. (2023). Implementation of Regional Health Insurance to Achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in Puskesmas Health Services at Puskesmas Teladan Medan City (Indonesian). PubHealth Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 2(2), 73–78.

Huang, Y., Miao, L., & Lyu, B. (2023). Urban public health education services, health status, and increased fertility intentions of the rural migrant population. Reproductive Health, 20(1), 108. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12978-023-01648-2

Hergianasari, P., & Hadiwijoyo, S. S. (2021). Salatiga’s Strategy Toward Universal Health Care (UHC) Through National Health Insurance (Indonesian). Mimbar: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Dan Politik, 10(1), 55–74. https://doi.org/10.32663/jpsp.v10i1.1537

Inspiranews. (2020). Health Issues Still a Problem in Medan City. (Indonesian). Available online: https://inspirasinews.id/2020/09/masalah-kesehatan-masih-jadi-persoalan-di-masyarakat-kota-medan/ (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Jurnalasia. (2018). There are Still Many Health Service Problems in Medan City (Indonesian). Available online: https://www.jurnalasia/medan/masih-banyak-ditemukan-masalah-pelayanan-kesehatan-di-kota-medan/ (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Kaiser, A. H., Rotigliano, N., Flessa, S., et al. (2023). Extending Universal Health Coverage to informal workers: A systematic review of health financing schemes in low-and middle-income countries in Southeast Asia. PLoS One, 18(7), e0288269. https://doi

Khorram-Manesh, A., Dulebenets, M. A., & Goniewicz, K. (2021). Implementing public health strategies—the need for educational initiatives: a systematic review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(11), 5888. https://doi.or

Kodali, P. B. (2023). Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: Challenges for Policy Post-Pandemic and Beyond. Risk Management and Healthcare Policy, 16, 607–621. https://doi.org/10.2147/RMHP.S366759

Kompas. (2022). Improving Health Services in Medan, Mayor Bobby Launches UHC JKMB (Indonesian). Available online: https://regional.kompas/read/2022/12/06/09000761/tingkatkan-pelayanan-kesehatan-di-medan-wali-kota-bobby-luncurkan-uhc-jkmb?page=all (accesse

Kompas. (2023). Patients Without Money Can Still Get Free Treatment Using the UHC Program from BPJS Kesehatan, What is it? (Indonesian). Available online: https://www.kompas/tren/read/2023/08/22/070000565/pasien-tidak-punya-uang-tetap-bisa-berobat-gratis-

Kushmatova, D. E., & Khakimova, H. K. (2022). Current perspectives on the subject of public health and health care. World Bulletin of Public Health, 6, 51–53.

Law.ugm.ac.id. (2016). The Direction of Regulating the Authority to Regulate Local Governments in the Health Sector in the Framework of Broad Autonomy-Faculty of Law, Gadjah Mada University (Indonesian). Available online: https://law.ugm.ac.id/arah-pengaturan-kewenangan-mengatur-pemerintah-daerah-di-bidang-kesehatan-dalam-kerangka-otonomi-luas/ (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Liana, S., & Marlina, H. (2022). Policies and Strategies of the Pelalawan Health Office to Achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC) in the JKN Program (Indonesian). In: Prosiding Forum Ilmiah Tahunan (FIT) IAKMI.

Listiani, R., Dewi, K. R., Madani, J. F., & Syarif, S. H. (2023). The Comparison of Health Insurance between Indonesia and other Middle-Income Countries. Usada Nusantara: Jurnal Kesehatan Tradisional, 1(2), 21–32. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.47861/usd.v1i2.209

Maharani, A., & Lubis, S. (2023). Medan mayor’s policy on the use of identity card (KTP) as a health service tool (Indonesian). Jurnal EDUCATIO: Jurnal Pendidikan Indonesia, 9(1), 315-320. https://doi.org/10.29210/1202322805

Milenia, S. (2023). UHC Program Facilitates Health Services for Medan Residents, Simply Use an ID Card Connected to BPJS Health (Indonesian). Available online: https://www.kompas.tv/video/363767/program-uhc-permudah-pelayanan- (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Miles, M. B., Huberman, A. M., & Saldana, J. (2013). Qualitative Data Analysis: A Methods Sourcebook. SAGE Publications.

Nasution, F., Gurning, F. P., Siregar, P. A., et al. (2022). Implementation of the Smoke-Free Policy in Medan City, Indonesia: Compliance and Challenges. International Journal of Preventive Medicine, 13(1), 30. https://doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_106_20

Nirmalasari, M. Y., Idris, H., & Flora, R. (2023). Implementation of Universal Health Coverage Program in Indonesia: Narrative Review (Indonesian). Health Information: Jurnal Penelitian, e1322.

Nisnoni, D., & Sulistyowati. (2020). Evaluation of the Policy Implementation Process of the UHC (Universal Health Coverage) Program in Semarang (Indonesian). Journal of Politic and Government Studies, 9(02), 101–110.

Noves, M. (2021). Implementation of the Universal Health Coverage Program in Pekanbaru City Based on Riau Province Regional Regulation Number 7 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Health Insurance (Indonesian). Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 2(10), 928–945. https://doi.org/10.56370/jhlg.v2i10.115

Parinduri, R. Y. (2023). Implementation of UHC (Universal Health Coverage) Policy in Medan City (Indonesian). Jurnal Ilmiah Edunomik, 7(2), 1-10. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.29040/jie.v7i2.9575

Patiño-Lugo, D. F., Vélez, C. M., Díaz-Hernández, D. P., et al. (2024). Whoever wants better healthcare simply pays more: citizens’ perception about voluntary private health insurance in Colombia. International Journal for Equity in Health, 23(1), 7. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-023-02086-z

Pemkomedan. (2022a). Making it easier for people to get health services through UHC, Unimed Rector: Bobby’s Concrete Action to Address Health Problems (Indonesian). Available online: https://portal.pemkomedan.go.id/berita/permudah-masyarakat-dapatkan-layanan-kesehatan-melalui-uhc-rektor-unimed-wujud-konkrit-bobby-atasi-masalah-kesehatan__read1682.html (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Pemkomedan. (2022b). JKMB UHC Program Benefits Have Been Felt by Residents, UHC Award Also Achieved by Medan City (Indonesian). Available online: https://portal.pemkomedan.go.id/berita/manfaat-program-uhc-jkmb-telah-dirasakan-warga-penghargaan-uhc-juga-diraih-kota-medan__read2945.html (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Pemkomedan. (2023). Better Health Services with the Spirit of Collaboration Bobby Nasution (Indonesian). Available online: https://portal.pemkomedan.go.id/berita/pelayanan-kesehatan-semakin-baik-dengan-semangat-kolaborasi-bobby-nasution__read2752.html (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Portibi. (2023). Dhiyaul Hayati: Many Medan Residents Still Don’t Know about UHC Program (Indonesian). Available online: https://www.portibi.id/dhiyaul-hayati-masih-banyak- (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Pradana, A., Casman, C., Rohayati, R., et al. (2022). Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Program in Indonesia (Indonesian). Jurnal Endurance, 7(2), 462–473. https://doi.org/10.22216/jen.v7i2.1363

Pratama, E. P. P. A., Annajah, S., Addristi, K., & Istanti, N. D. (2023). Analysis of the Effectiveness of Universal Health Coverage Policy Implementation in Indonesia Review of Availability and Quality of Health Services: Literature Review (Indonesian). Jurnal Medika Husada, 3(1), 51–62. https://doi.org/10.59744/jumeha.v3i1.40

Pribadi, F. A., & Setijaningrum, E. (2023). Analysis of Health Financing Principles in Supporting Universal Health Coverage in Indonesia (Indonesian). Jejaring Administrasi Publik, 15(2), 60–78. https://doi.org/10.20473/jap.v15i2.49582

Puspitaningrum, R. A., Probandari, A., Pamungkasari, E. P., et al. (2019). Achievement of Universal Health Coverage in Surakarta city: policy analysis. JKKI: Jurnal Kedokteran Dan Kesehatan Indonesia, 10(2), 149–161. https://doi.org/10.20885/10.20885/jkki.vol10.iss2.art7

Putri, N. K., Laksono, A. D., & Rohmah, N. (2023). Predictors of national health insurance membership among the poor with different education levels in Indonesia. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 373. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-15292-9

Pertiwi, C., & Gurning, F. P. (2023). Implementation of Regional Health Insurance in Achieving Universal Health Coverage in Medan City (Indonesian). Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 4(3), 3492–3503. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i3.18307

Pradana, A., Casman, C., Rohayati, R., et al. (2022). Program Universal Health Coverage (UHC) Di Indonesia. Jurnal Endurance, 7(2), 462–473.

Ranabhat, C. L., Acharya, S. P., Adhikari, C., & Kim, C. B. (2023). Universal Health Coverage evolution, ongoing trend, and future challenge: A conceptual and historical policy review. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1041459. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1041459

Regif, S. Y., Nasution, F. A., Pattipeilohy, A., et al. (2023). Revitalizing Rural Healthcare: A Case Study of Village Maternity Cottages in Indonesia. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 18(10), 3309–3316. https://doi.org/10.18280/ijsdp.181030

Reynolds, T., Wilkinson, T., Bertram, M. Y., et al. (2023). Building implementable packages for Universal Health Coverage. BMJ Global Health, 8(1), e010807. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010807

Said, M., & Mulyadi, R. (2023). Medan DHO: 4,802 residents receive JKMB services at 43 hospitals - ANTARA News North Sumatra (Indonesian). Available online: https://sumut.antaranews/berita/534618/dinkes-medan-4802-warga-terima-layanan-jkmb-di-43-rumah-sakit?page=all (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Sehatnegeriku. (2020). Government seeks Universal Health Coverage for Indonesians (Indonesian). Available online: https://sehatnegeriku.kemkes.go.id/baca/umum/20201212/0135971/pemerintah- (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Sumutpos. (2022). Many Residents Complain about Health Problems, DHO Only Send the Head of Puskesmas during Recess (Indonesian). Available online: https://sumutpos.jawapos/metropolis/28/08/2022/banyak-warga-keluhkan- (accessed on 13 March 2023).

Shekh Mohamed, I., Hepburn, J. S., Ekman, B., & Sundewall, J. (2022). Inclusion of Essential Universal Health Coverage Services in Essential Packages of Health Services: A Review of 45 Low- and Lower- Middle Income Countries. Health Systems & Reform, 8(1), e2006587. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2021.2006587

Sipahutar, N., Lestari, A. S., Tanjung, T. N. P., et al. (2023). Jkn Program in Achieving Uhc (Universal Health Coverage) in Simalungun Regency (Indonesian). Jurnal Kesehatan Tambusai, 4(3), 3901–3906. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/jkt.v4i3.16632

Soucat, A., Tandon, A., & Pier, E. G. (2023). From Universal Health Coverage services packages to budget appropriation: the long journey to implementation. BMJ Global Health, 8(1), e010755. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2022-010755

Suprapto, S., Mulat, T. C., & Lalla, N. S. N. (2021). Nurse competence in implementing public health care. International Journal of Public Health Science (IJPHS), 10(2), 428-432. https://doi.org/http://doi.org/10.11591/ijphs.v10i2.20711

Umuhoza, S. M., Musange, S. F., Nyandwi, A., et al. (2022). Strengths and Weaknesses of Strategic Health Purchasing for Universal Health Coverage in Rwanda. Health Systems & Reform, 8(2), e2061891. https://doi.org/10.1080/23288604.2022.2061891

World Health Organization. (2021). Principles of health benefit packages. World Health Organization.

Yanful, B., Kirubarajan, A., Bhatia, D., et al. (2023). Quality of care in the context of Universal Health Coverage: a scoping review. Health Research Policy and Systems, 21(1), 1–29. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s12961-022-00957-5

Yang, Y., Zhou, L., Zhang, C., et al. (2022). Public Health Services, Health Human Capital, and Relative Poverty of Rural Families. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(17), 11089. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191711089

Yuan, M., Lin, H., et al. (2021). Community engagement in public health: a bibliometric mapping of global research. Archives of Public Health, 79, 1–17. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1186/s13690-021-00525-3

Zhafarin, B. S., Ghifary, H., Novianti, P. A., & Istanti, N. D. (2023). Analysis of the Effectiveness of UHC Implementation in Improving the Quality of Health Services in Indonesia (Indonesian). Jurnal Ventilator, 1(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.59680/ventilator.v1i1.239

Previous
article in this issue

Next
article in this issue