Thermodynamic study on lead leaching from sodium citrate

Lina Constanza Villa; Wilmer Saldarriaga Agudelo; Néstor Ricardo Rojas

doi:10.24294/tse.v4i1.1510

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Thermodynamic study on lead leaching from sodium citrate

Lina Constanza Villa

Wilmer Saldarriaga Agudelo

Néstor Ricardo Rojas

Thermal Science and Engineering 2021, 4(1), 1510; https://doi.org/10.24294/tse.v4i1.1510

Submitted：12 Mar 2021

Accepted：10 Apr 2021

Published：16 Apr 2021

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Abstract

Lead-acid batteries account for 60% of the world’s electrical energy storage batteries. About 50% of global lead consumption comes from recycled and reused materials. Currently, pyrometallurgical methods account for more than 90% of lead recovery technology; however, these processes are criticized due to sulfur dioxide emissions from the decomposition of lead sulfate at elevated temperatures, in addition to particulate emissions. Lead recovery by recycling batteries by

hydrometallurgical processes has been investigated as an alternative to pyrometallurgical processes. In the present work, a thermodynamic analysis of lead leaching with sodium citrate was performed. The thermodynamic analysis was based on the study of three stability diagrams constructed with Medusa^® software. Leaching tests were carried out to get to know the system, corroborate the thermodynamic analysis performed, and study the behavior of the system. The results obtained show that it is possible to extract 100% lead with a leaching agent concentration of 0.25 M, a 1:1 solid-liquid

ratio, and 25 ℃.

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References

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