“Method”Search All-EnPress Publisher LLC.

Aug 17, 2026

Analysis of unsteady heat conduction in regular bodies evolved from uniform surface heat flux: Application of the method of discretization in time coupled with regression analysis

The Method of Discretization in Time (MDT) is a hybrid numerical technique intended to alleviate upfront the computational procedure of time–dependent partial differential equations of parabolic type. The MDT engenders a sequence of adjoint second order ordinary differential equations, wherein the space coordinate is the independent variable while time metamorphosis into an embedded parameter. Fundamentally, the adjoint second order ordinary differential equations are considered of “quasi–stationary” nature. In this work, the MDT is used for the analysis of unsteady heat conduction in regular bodies (large wall, long cylinder and sphere) receiving uniform surface heat flux. In engineering applications, the uniform surface heat flux is customarily provided by electrical heating, radiative heating and pool fire heating. From the outcome of the MDT calculations, it is demonstrated that the approximate, semi–analytical temperature solutions of the first adjoint “quasi–stationary” heat conduction equation based on the first time jump are easily obtainable for the regular bodies. For enhanced accuracy, regression analysis is applied to the deviations of the dimensionless surface temperature varying with the dimensionless time for each regular body.

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Jul 27, 2026

Applicable methodologies for modelling of heat and mass transfer phenomena in tumble dryers: A review

Tumble dryers are convenient but energy-intensive, and their performance depends on coupled heat and mass transfer within the drum and air circuit. This review evaluates mathematical modeling approaches for these processes, spanning 0-D lumped-parameter models, 1-D heat and moisture transfer models, and kinematic and image-processing methods, across vented, condenser, and heat-pump dryer types. Literature was drawn from peer-reviewed sources published roughly since the 1990s. The Chilton–Colburn analogy remains the dominant framework for evaporation-rate modeling, but its reliance on constant transfer coefficients, uniform textile temperature, and saturated surface assumptions limits its accuracy during the falling-rate drying period, when evaporation slows and a larger fraction of supplied energy may be diverted to heating the textiles and drum rather than moisture removal. This review’s contribution lies in systematically comparing classical models (Lambert, Deans) against newer 1-D, regression-based, kinematic, and image-processing strategies, clarifying the assumptions, applicability boundaries, and engineering trade-offs of each. The findings point toward hybrid, uncertainty-aware models that couple energy-balance formulations with variable transfer coefficients, textile-motion data, and data-driven tools as the most promising path forward for energy-efficient dryer design and control.

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May 20, 2026

Activated carbon: An effective and affordable solution for water purification

Access to safe drinking water is universally recognized as a fundamental human right; however, millions of people worldwide continue to face limited access to clean and safe water resources. The presence of contaminants such as heavy metals, organic compounds, dyes, pesticides, pharmaceuticals, and pathogenic microorganisms poses significant threats to human health and aquatic ecosystems. Conventional water treatment technologies, although effective in certain applications, are often associated with high operational costs, energy requirements, and limited efficiency toward emerging pollutants. Consequently, the development of sustainable, low-cost, and efficient water purification materials has gained increasing scientific attention. This review investigates the effectiveness of activated carbon as a promising adsorbent for drinking water purification and examines the principal mechanisms involved in pollutant removal. Various forms of activated carbon produced from agricultural waste-derived precursors were comparatively evaluated. Reported studies indicate that activated carbon exhibits a high specific surface area ranging from 300 to 2500 m².g⁻¹ and achieves removal efficiencies exceeding 90% for volatile organic compounds (VOCs), chlorine, dyes, and toxic heavy metals including Pb²⁺, Cd²⁺, and Cr⁶⁺. The adsorption capacities of activated carbon for different contaminants were reported to range from 50 to more than 500 mg.g⁻¹, depending on precursor type, activation process, and operational conditions. Furthermore, regeneration efficiencies commonly remained within 70–85% after multiple adsorption–desorption cycles, highlighting the economic feasibility and environmental sustainability of activated carbon.

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Mar 31, 2026

Study on phytotoxicity of nano-iron oxide on germination of mung (Vigna radiata) and gram (Cicer arietinum) seedlings using plant agar method

The present study investigates the effect of nano-Fe₂O₃ particles as a micronutrient on the growth of plant seedlings of Mung (Vigna radiate) and Gram (Cicer arietinum) using the plant agar method. The laboratory experiment was carried out in the test units comprising a petri dish and plant agar medium. The plant agar medium used acts as a false soil that supports the seedlings for germination, prevents precipitation of water-insoluble nanoparticles and eliminates the possibility of any nutrients from external sources other than the nano-Fe₂O₃ particles. Each test unit containing agar media was treated with nano-Fe₂O₃ particle suspension at different concentrations. The effect of nano-Fe₂O₃ particle dose-response on root and shoot growth of the seedlings, as well as on biomass assay, was examined. The results showed that among the various concentrations of nano-Fe₂O₃ particles studied, a good agronomic value over control was observed only for certain optimum concentration i.e., 50 mg/L for mung and 5 mg/L for gram seedlings. Beyond this dose limit, the seedlings showed retardation in their growth characteristics, indicating phytotoxicity.

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Nov 28, 2023

The influence of priming methods, planting dates, and weed interference levels on the vegetative growth, yield, and yield components of AS71 hybrid corn

By carrying out a laboratory experiment, the influence of priming methods, including ZnSO4, BSN, and hydropriming was evaluated on the seed germination of hybrid AS71 corn. Then, the main and interaction effects of the priming methods, planting dates, and weed interference levels were surveyed on the vegetative growth traits, yield, and yield components of corn in a field experiment. Based on the lab experiment, although the maximum germination percentage (100%) was observed in the treated plots by hydropriming 22 h after treatment (HAT), the greatest seedling vigor index (122.99) was recorded with treated seeds by ZnSO4 (0.03 mg L–1) at 8 HAT. The greatest emergence index was observed in the treated plots by hydropriming on both planting dates of June 1 and 11. The interaction of planting dates and weed interference levels revealed that the highest emergence index (14%–17%) occurred in the weed-free plots on both planting dates. BSN recorded the greatest corn 1000-grain weight that was significantly higher than the control plots by 28%. Furthermore, BSN enhanced the corn grain yield compared with the control plots by 63% and 24.9% on the planting dates of June 1 and 11, respectively. BSN, as a nutri-priming approach, by displaying the highest positive effects in boosting the corn grain yield in both weedy and weed-free plots as well as both planting dates, could be a recommendable option for growers to improve the crop yield production.

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Dec 17, 2024

Analysis of unsteady heat conduction in regular solid bodies evolved from surface heat flux: Application of the method of discretization in time coupled with regression analysis

The Method of Discretization in Time (MDT) is a hybrid numerical technique intended to alleviate upfront the computational procedure of timedependent partial differential equations of parabolic type upfront. The MDT engenders a sequence of adjoint second order ordinary differential equations, wherein the space coordinate is the independent variable and time becomes an embedded parameter. Essentially, the adjoint second order ordinary differential equations are considered of “quasistationary” nature. In this work, the MDT is used for the analysis of unsteady heat conduction in regular bodies (large wall, long cylinder and sphere) accounting for nearly constant thermophysical properties, uniform initial temperature and surface heat flux. In engineering applications, the surface heat flux is customarily provided by electrical heating, radiative heating and pool fire heating. It is demonstrated that the approximate, semianalytical temperature solutions of the first adjoint “quasistationary” heat conduction equations using the first time jump are easily obtainable for each regular body. For enhanced acccuracy, regression analysis is applied to the deviations of the dimensionless surface temperature as a function of the dimensionless time for each regular body.

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