Every plant is significantly important in tackling climate change, including Makila (Litsea angulata BI) an endemic wood species found in the forest of Moluccas Provinces. Therefore, this research aimed to examine the role of the Makila plant in tackling climate change by measuring biomass content using constructing an allometric equation. The method used was a destructive sampling, where 40 units of Makila plant at the sampling level were felled, and sorted according to root, stem, branch, rating, and leaf segments. Each segment was weighed both at wet and after drying, followed by a classical assumption test in data processing, and the formulation of an allometric equation. The regression model was examined for normality and suitability in predicting independent variables, ensuring there were no issues with multicollinearity, heteroscedasticity, and autocorrelation. The results yielded a multiple linear regression, namely: Y = −1131.146 + 684.799X₁ + 4.276X₂, where Y is biomass, X₁ is the diameter, and X₂ is the tree height. Based on the results of the t-test: variable X₁ partially affected Y while variable X₂ partially had no effect on Y. The F-test indicated that variables X₁ and X₂ jointly affected Y with R Square: 0.919 or 91.9% and the rest was influenced by other unexplored factors. To simplify biomass prediction and field measurement, a regression equation that used only 1 independent variable, namely tree diameter, was used for the experiment. Allometric equation only used 1 variable, Y = −1,084,626 + 675,090X₁, where X₁ = tree diameter, Y = Total biomass with R = 0.957, and R² = 0.915. Considering the potential for time, cost, and energy savings, as well as ease of measurement in the field, the biomass of young Makila trees was simply predicted by measuring the tree diameter and avoiding the height. This method used the strong relationship between biomass, plant diameter, and height to facilitate the estimation of biomass content accurately by entering the results of field measurements.

Border cities face significant challenges due to political, environmental, and social issues. Strong urban governance can help resolve many of these problems, but it requires identifying practical factors specific to each city’s location. This study aimed to assess the state of urban governance in Paveh, a border city with a population of 25,771 people. The research used both primary data collection (through a questionnaire) and secondary data sources (local and national databases and documents). The study randomly selected 379 households from Paveh’s population and determined a reliability value of 0.913 using the Cochrane procedure. To assess Paveh’s urban governance, eight criteria were used: participatory, rule-of-law compliance, transparency, responsiveness, consensus-oriented, equitable and inclusive, effective and efficient, and accountability. The findings revealed that Paveh’s urban governance, particularly in the dimensions of transparency and participation, is in an unfavorable situation.

The current study provides a comprehensive analysis of MHD hybrid nanofluids and stagnation point flow toward a porous stretched cylinder in the presence of thermal radiation. Here, alumina (Al₂O₃) and copper (Cu) are considered the hybrid nanoparticles, while water (H₂O) is the base fluid. To begin, the required similarity transformations are applied to transform the nonlinear coupled PDEs into nonlinear coupled ODEs. The obtained highly nonlinear sets of ODEs are then solved analytically by using the HAM procedure. The calculations of the thermal radiation term in the energy equation are done based on the Roseland approximation. The result of various embedded variables on temperature and velocity profiles is drawn and explained briefly. Aside from that, the numerical solution of well-known physical quantities, like skin friction and the Nusselt number, is computed by means of tables for the modification of the relevant parameter. The analysis shows that the magnetic field has opposite behavior on θ(η) and f'(η) profiles. It is seen that more magnetic factors M decline f'(η) and upsurge θ(η). Moreover, the behavior of skin friction and the Nusselt number are the same for the magnetic parameter M. Meanwhile, a higher Reynolds number R_e declines temperature profile and skin friction while upsurging the local Nusselt number. There are many applications of this study that are not limited to engineering and manufacturing, such as polymer industry, crystal growth, tumor therapy, plasma, fusing metal in electric heaters, nuclear reactors, asthma treatment, gastric medication, cooling of atomic systems, electrolytic biomedicine, helical coil heat exchangers, axial fan design, polymer industry, plane counter jets, and solar collectors.

This article reports the development of an index of culturality in Chile. Fifteen quantitative variables indicative of local cultural development are used to measure the access to cultural opportunities in each Chilean district. This approach was adopted from the theoretical framework of cultural materialism theorized by Marvin Harris in the seventies. Using this framework, a ranking is developed among 164 districts to determine the degree of cultural development exists in each and the variables that are the influential on the enhancement of this indicator. The results showed that the districts of Rancagua, Providencia, La Reina, El Bosque, and Valparaíso have better cultural opportunities based on their material forms, which are mainly driven by obtaining funds for cultural projects, workers’ salaries, civic activity, and public libraries. Based on the results of this ranking, a baseline is proposed to develop it using new data. In addition, recommendations are provided regarding public policies that have promoted cultural development in the communities with unsuccessful results. The article provides significant information for decision makers in Chile and a quantitative method for exploring cultural materialism in specific territories.

[Objective]In order to explore the sustainable food security level in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, ensure food security and sustainable development of agricultural modernization, it is necessary to establish a scientific food security evaluation system to safeguard local food security.[Methods]This paper takes the food system of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in China as the research object, based on the food security research results at home and abroad, based on sustainable development thinking, combined with a new perspective of dynamic equilibrium research: Beginning with food normalcy, a comprehensive analysis of food production, food economy, social development, ecological security, and technical support for sustainable development is presented using the entropy-weighted TOPSIS model to build a food security evaluation system for sustainable development. [Conclusion]After systematic analysis, it is concluded that (1) the average value of food security score of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2008 to 2021 is 0.429, and the overall food in the Yangtze River Economic Belt is in general security level (0.400 ≤ Q1 ≤ 0.600), and the overall situation of food security is not optimistic, (2) from the segmentation of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, the high and low level of food security are divided into sections: midstream > downstream > upstream, and each province and city is slowly rising to different degrees. In this way, we propose general countermeasures to ensure local food security from the perspective of sustainable development.

In recent years, using novel nanomaterials to improve the antifouling and antibacterial performance of reverse osmosis membranes has received much attention. In this study, hydrophilic Ag@ZnO-hyperbranched polyglycerols nanoparticles were fabricated by ring-opening multibranched polymerization of glycidyl acid with the core-shell Ag@ZnO nanoparticles. The cellulose triacetate composite membranes were prepared by grafting Ag@ZnO-HPGs nanoparticles on the surface of cellulose triacetate membranes. The surface of the nanoparticles with active functional group –OH was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Surface morphology, charge, and hydrophilicity of the composite membranes were characterized by scanning electron microscope, zeta potential, and contact angle analysis. The results showed that grafting the Ag@ZnO-HPGs nanoparticles onto the cellulose triacetate membrane surface improved the physical and chemical properties of the cellulose triacetate composite membranes. The water flux of cellulose triacetate composite membranes increased while the salt rejection rate to NaCl slightly decreased. Meanwhile, the cellulose triacetate composite membranes showed excellent antifouling properties of having a high flux recovery. The antibacterial performance of the cellulose triacetate composite membrane against E. coli and S. aureus was prominent that the antibacterial rates were 99.50% and 92.38%, and bacterial adhesion rates were as low as 19.12% and 21.35%, respectively.