With the advancement of the green economy, the labor market is experiencing the emergence of new employment forms, positions, and competencies. This arises from the special relationship between the green job market and the transforming energy sector. On the other hand, the energy sector’s influence on the green labor market and the creation of green jobs is particularly significant. It is because, the energy sector is one of the fundamental foundations of any country’s economy and impacts its other sectors. Key components of this influence include green employment and green self-employment. The purpose of this study is to identify elements of the green labor market within the context of the green economy and the energy sector. The methodology employs a hybrid literature review, combining a systematic literature review facilitated by the use of VOSviewer software. Exploring the Scopus database enabled the identification of keywords directly related to the green economy and the energy sector. Within these identified keywords, elements of the green labor market were searched. The main result is the empirical identification of the crucial term ‘green skills,’ which links elements of the green labor market, as presented in bibliometric maps. The research results indicate a gap in the form of insufficient discussion on green self-employment within the energy sector. Aspects of green jobs and elements of the green labor market are prominently featured in current research. However, there is a notable gap in the literature regarding green self-employment, presenting promising avenues for further research.

This study examines the factors that predict successful transition outcomes for college students with impairments in Saudi Arabia. A stratified random sample method was employed to survey 500 people across various educational levels and disability categories. The efficacy of Individualized Education Plans (IEPs), cultural variables, and perceptions of transition services have been investigated using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). The study revealed significant positive correlations between the efficacy of Individualized Education Programs (IEPs) and favourable impressions of transition services. Additionally, it highlighted the impact of cultural variables on transition results. The assessment of indirect effects confirmed that cultural variables partially mitigate the connection between IEPs and transition assistance. The document provides practical suggestions for enhancing the efficiency of Individualized Education Programs (IEPs), improving cultural proficiency among educators, facilitating collaboration among stakeholders, and guiding policies. These findings contribute to ongoing efforts to develop inclusive and culturally appropriate transition programs for students with impairments in Saudi Arabia.

Financial literacy is an essential life skill today and plays a crucial role in business success. This study examined the relationship between college students’ financial literacy, financial management behavior, and entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. A survey was conducted among college students in the Busan and Gyeongnam regions, and a total of 272 responses were analyzed using SPSS 28.0. The results showed that financial literacy partially positively affects financial management behavior. Furthermore, financial management behavior positively influences entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. Financial management behavior partially mediates the relationship between financial literacy and entrepreneurial opportunity recognition. Improving the financial literacy of college students during adolescence serves as a motivation for entrepreneurship and significantly impacts their exploration and practice of various income activities to achieve their expected future living standards. The study’s findings indicate that for potential entrepreneurs, recognizing and promoting entrepreneurship as a source of innovation and growth requires incorporating financial literacy and desirable financial management behavior education into university curricula.

This paper explores how compassion can be defined as a transformative moral technology through analysis of Martha Nussbaum’s idea. Nussbaum contends that compassion goes beyond just feeling pain for others’ suffering; it also involves acknowledging the severity of suffering, understanding that it is not solely the victim’s fault, and recognizing the suffering individual as one of our most important goals and projects. Through a literature review that considers reductive explanations, we establish that compassion encompasses cognitive, affective, and conative capacities that are crucial for moral reasoning, knowledge, and judgment, all stemming from the experience of human suffering. These capacities of cognition, affection, and conation are supported by the system of reasoning and moral perspective known as techne, episteme, and oikeiosis as systems of reasoning and morality perspective. We argue that compassion is more than just an emotion or feeling, it is catalyst for moral action, as its essence lies in “suffering with; suffering together.”

A smart city focuses on enhancing and interconnecting facilities and services through digital technology to offer convenient services for both people and businesses. The basic infrastructure of smart cities consists of modern technologies such as the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing and artificial intelligence. These urban areas utilize different networks, such as the Internet and IoT, to share real-time information, improving convenience for the inhabitants. However, the reliance of smart cities on modern technologies exposes them to a range of organized, diverse, and sophisticated cyber threats. Therefore, prioritizing cybersecurity awareness and implementing appropriate measures and solutions are essential to protect the privacy and security of citizens. This study aims to identify cyber threats and their impact on smart cities, as well as the methods and measures required for key areas such as smart government, smart healthcare, smart mobility, smart environment, smart economy, smart living, and smart people. Furthermore, this study seeks to evaluate previous research in this field, establish necessary policies to mitigate these threats, and propose an appropriate model for the infrastructure associated with IT networks in smart cities.

This study is considered one of the few studies that attempted to explore the relationship between exports and foreign direct investment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The study aims to determine the nature of the relationship between exports and foreign direct investment in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during the period between (1990–2023). Employing Ender’s methodology using cointegration and error correction model. The study also relies on data on Saudi exports and foreign direct investment inflows from the World Bank databases. The results indicate the existence of Cointegration between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and the Saudi exports in the period (1990–2023), as for the causal relationship between the two variables, the results showed the causal relation between exports and FDI inflows from the direction of exports only, which means that Saudi exports cause FDI inflows in Saudi Arabia, and the study recommends giving more incentives to attract foreign investors in different sector rather than oil sector, besides improving the logistical services which is vital to any investment attraction strategy.