Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a benign osteoblastic tumor of bone that usually affects children and young adults. They are usually located on metaphysis or diaphysis of long bones. Their clinical, anamnesis and radiological findings are typical. Intra-articular OO however has different properties due to its placement within joints. Sclerosis around the lesion is either minimal or non-existent, but synovitis can be seen in the joint. For this reason, they are usually diagnosed later. In this case series, we diagnosed three cases (2 ankles and 1 hip joint) that were diagnosed with osteochondral lesions previously and had in chronic pain which did not respond to several treatments in different centers with intra-articular OO and treated them with radiofrequency ablation using computerized tomography. Knowing the radiological properties of intra-articular OO and being aware of this condition during differential diagnosis of joint pain cases will be useful to diagnose this rare pathology.

Leaf litter decomposition and carbon release patterns in five homegarden tree species of Kumaun Himalaya viz. Ficus palmata, Ficus auriculata, Ficus hispida, Grewia optiva and Celtis austalaris were investigated. The study was carried out for 210 days by using litter bag technique. In the current investigation, the duration needed for desertion of the original biomass of diverse leaf litter varied from 150 to 210 days and specifies a varying pattern of decomposition and carbon release among the species. Grewia optiva took the longest time to decompose (210 days) while Ficus hispida decomposed more quickly than rest of the species (150 days). The relative decomposition rate (RDR) was reported highest in Ficus hispida (0.009-0.02 g-1d-1) and lowest in Grewia optiva (0.008-0.004 g-1d-1). Carbon (%) in remaining litter was in the order: Ficus auriculata (24.4 %) >Ficus hispida (24.3%) > Celtis austaralis (19.8%) > Ficus palmata (19.7%) > Grewia optiva (19%). The relationship between percentage weight loss and time elapsed showed the significant negative correlation with carbon release pattern in all the species. Releasing nutrients into the soil through the decomposition of homegarden tree residuals is a crucial ecological function that also regulates the nutrient recycling in homegarden agroforestry practices.

Work is reported on thermal-induced redshifts of quantum particle plasmon. The redshifts are predicted to be caused indirectly by the quantum size effects. The particles are enlarged when temperature increases, and consequently, quantum size effects modify the plasmon but not the band structure. It has been modeled for metallic quantum particles. The results are also instructive to other quantum systems, such as complex molecules. Every electron inside the quantum particle is taken into account. Tiny quantum size effects are harvested, and the redshift becomes significant. Experimental evidence is also given for the spectral redshift. Faujasite zeolites were synthesized. Optical spectroscopy has been carried out, and the resulting spectra showed a significant redshift with the increase in temperature.

Static atomic charges affect key ground-state parameters of boron quasi-planar clusters Bn, n ≤ 20, which serve as building blocks of borophenes and other two-dimensional boron-based materials promising for various advanced applications. Assuming that the outer valence shells partial electron density of the constituent B atoms are shared between them proportionally to their coordination numbers, the static atomic charges in small boron planar clusters in the electrically neutral and positively and negatively singly charged states are estimated to be in the ranges of –0.750e (B70) to +0.535e (B200), –0.500e (B7+, B8+, and B9+) to +0.556e (B17+), and –1.000e (B7–) to +0.512e (B20–), respectively.

The MDA-MB-231 cell line is derived from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), representing one of the most aggressive forms of breast cancer. Innovative therapeutic strategies, including s targeted therapies using nanocarriers, hold significant promise, particularly for difficult-to-treat cancers such as TNBC. Nanoparticles have transformed the medical field by serving as advanced drug delivery systems for cancer treatment. They play a critical role in overcoming the drug resistance often associated with cancer therapies. When utilized as drug delivery vehicles, nanoparticles can specifically target cancer cells and effectively reduce or eliminate multidrug resistance. Among them, chitosan-coated magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have been widely explored for the loading and controlled release of various anticancer agents. In this study, we evaluated the effects of dexamethasone-loaded chitosan-coated MNPs on MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy were employed to verify the successful loading of dexamethasone onto the nanoparticles. To assess cytotoxicity, empty nanoparticles, free drug, and drug-loaded nanoparticles were tested on the cells. The results indicated that empty nanoparticles exhibited no toxic effects. The IC50 value of the free drug was 123 µg/mL, while the IC50 value of the drug-loaded nanoparticles was significantly lower, at 63 µg/mL. These findings confirmed the successful conjugation of dexamethasone to the chitosan-coated MNPs, demonstrating substantial cytotoxic effects on breast cancer cells. Although dexamethasone has been reported to exhibit both tumor-suppressive and pro-metastatic effects, its specific impact on TNBC warrants further investigation in future studies.